Center of Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
Psychooncology. 2013 Aug;22(8):1807-14. doi: 10.1002/pon.3224. Epub 2012 Nov 23.
Returning to work often plays an important role for cancer survivors. Occupational stress may hamper a successful return to work, so cancer survivors should be given the opportunity to address occupational stress issues before returning to work. We investigated the amount of occupational stress among cancer patients and whether it is associated with their well-being, their subjective need for occupational rehabilitation and elevations in their risk of early retirement.
At the beginning of rehabilitation, we asked cancer patients to respond to occupation-related and health-related questionnaires. We used t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression analyses to address our research questions.
A total of 477 patients participated in the study. Of these, 19% were occupationally stressed, and 26% reported subjective need for occupational rehabilitation. Patients who reported work-related stress had a diminished quality of life, were more likely to report subjective need for occupational rehabilitation (OR = 2.16), and had a higher risk of early retirement (OR = 5.44). Furthermore, cancer patients reported deficits in both active coping abilities and mental stability at work.
Because occupational stress is associated with a higher risk of early retirement, both patients and physicians should take work-related problems seriously. Screening patients for occupational stress may help physicians identify patients who are at risk of experiencing problematic work re-entries. Furthermore, the results of the study suggest that cancer patients might have problems maintaining confidence in their abilities to solve work-related problems. Therefore, facilitating the development of a perception of self-efficacy might be an important treatment goal.
重返工作岗位对癌症幸存者通常起着重要作用。职业压力可能会阻碍癌症幸存者成功重返工作岗位，因此癌症幸存者在重返工作岗位之前应该有机会解决职业压力问题。我们调查了癌症患者的职业压力程度，以及它是否与他们的幸福感、对职业康复的主观需求以及提前退休的风险增加有关。
在康复开始时，我们要求癌症患者回答与职业和健康相关的问卷。我们使用 t 检验、卡方检验和逻辑回归分析来解决我们的研究问题。
共有 477 名患者参加了研究。其中，19%的患者存在职业压力，26%的患者报告存在职业康复的主观需求。报告工作相关压力的患者生活质量下降，更有可能报告对职业康复的主观需求（OR=2.16），并且提前退休的风险更高（OR=5.44）。此外，癌症患者报告在工作中积极应对能力和心理稳定性方面都存在缺陷。
由于职业压力与提前退休的风险增加有关，因此患者和医生都应认真对待与工作相关的问题。对患者进行职业压力筛查可能有助于医生识别有问题的工作重新进入风险的患者。此外，研究结果表明，癌症患者在维持解决工作相关问题的能力方面可能存在问题。因此，促进自我效能感的发展可能是一个重要的治疗目标。
