Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724-2208, USA.
FEBS J. 2013 Jan;280(2):346-78. doi: 10.1111/febs.12077. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
There are many misconceptions surrounding the roles of protein phosphatases in the regulation of signal transduction, perhaps the most damaging of which is the erroneous view that these enzymes exert their effects merely as constitutively active housekeeping enzymes. On the contrary, the phosphatases are critical, specific regulators of signalling in their own right and serve an essential function, in a coordinated manner with the kinases, to determine the response to a physiological stimulus. This review is a personal perspective on the development of our understanding of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family of enzymes. I have discussed various aspects of the structure, regulation and function of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family, which I hope will illustrate the fundamental importance of these enzymes in the control of signal transduction.
在信号转导的调节中，蛋白磷酸酶的作用存在许多误解，其中最具破坏性的一个观点是，这些酶仅仅作为组成型激活的管家酶发挥作用。相反，磷酸酶本身就是信号转导的关键、特异性调节因子，与激酶协同发挥作用，对于确定对生理刺激的反应具有重要功能。本文是我对蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶家族酶的理解发展的个人观点。我讨论了蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶家族的结构、调节和功能的各个方面，希望这能说明这些酶在信号转导控制中的重要性。
