School of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
J Voice. 2012 Nov;26(6):818.e5-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.005.
To examine the perceptual structure of voice attributes in adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD) before and after botulinum toxin treatment and identify acoustic correlates of underlying perceptual factors. Reliability of perceptual judgments is considered in detail.
Pre- and posttreatment trial with comparison to healthy controls, using single-blind randomized listener judgments of voice qualities, as well as retrospective comparison with acoustic measurements.
Oral readings were recorded from 42 ADSD speakers before and after treatment as well as from their age- and sex-matched controls. Experienced judges listened to speech samples and rated attributes of overall voice quality, breathiness, roughness, and brokenness, using computer-implemented visual analog scaling. Data were adjusted for regression to the mean and submitted to principal components factor analysis. Acoustic waveforms, extracted from the reading samples, were analyzed and measurements correlated with perceptual factor scores.
Four reliable perceptual variables of ADSD voice were effectively reduced to two underlying factors that corresponded to hyperadduction, most strongly associated with roughness, and hypoadduction, most strongly associated with breathiness. After treatment, the hyperadduction factor improved, whereas the hypoadduction factor worsened. Statistically significant (P<0.01) correlations were observed between perceived roughness and four acoustic measures, whereas breathiness correlated with aperiodicity and cepstral peak prominence (CPPs).
This study supported a two-factor model of ADSD, suggesting perceptual characterization by both hyperadduction and hypoadduction before and after treatment. Responses of the factors to treatment were consistent with previous research. Correlations among perceptual and acoustic variables suggested that multiple acoustic features contributed to the overall impression of roughness. Although CPPs appears to be a partial correlate of perceived breathiness, a physical basis of this percept remained less clear.
探讨痉挛性发音障碍（ADSD）患者在接受肉毒毒素治疗前后对嗓音属性的感知结构，并确定潜在感知因素的声学相关性。详细考虑了感知判断的可靠性。
使用单盲随机听众对嗓音质量的判断进行治疗前后的预治疗试验，并与健康对照组进行回顾性比较，以及与声学测量的比较。
从 42 名 ADSD 患者和他们年龄、性别匹配的对照组的口腔阅读中录制语音样本。经验丰富的评委听取语音样本，并使用计算机实现的视觉模拟量表对整体嗓音质量、呼吸声、粗糙声和破碎声的属性进行评分。数据经过回归均值调整，并提交给主成分因子分析。从阅读样本中提取声波纹，分析测量值与感知因子得分的相关性。
ADSD 嗓音的四个可靠感知变量有效地简化为两个潜在因素，分别对应于过度收缩，与粗糙声最相关，以及收缩不足，与呼吸声最相关。治疗后，过度收缩因素得到改善，而收缩不足因素恶化。感知粗糙度与四个声学测量值之间存在显著（P<0.01）的相关性，而呼吸声与非周期性和倒谱峰突出度（CPPs）相关。
本研究支持 ADSD 的两因素模型，表明治疗前后的过度收缩和收缩不足都可以对感知特征进行描述。对因素的治疗反应与先前的研究一致。感知和声学变量之间的相关性表明，多个声学特征对整体粗糙感有贡献。虽然 CPPs 似乎是感知呼吸声的部分相关因素，但这种感知的物理基础仍不明确。
