Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Health Science Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2013 Feb;60(1):295-318. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2012.09.012. Epub 2012 Oct 30.
This article reviews risks of illness or exposures to breastfed infants. Galactosemia in an infant is a contraindication to breastfeeding. There are no medical conditions in the mother that are contraindications, although diagnostic procedures, treatment, or illness can interfere. Restrictive diets or malnutrition are not contraindications but are opportunities to provide nutritional counseling. Environmental toxic exposures within the United States are uncommon; breastfeeding is not usually contraindicated. In any concerning situation, an assessment and discussion of risks and benefits for the mother-infant dyad (breastfed or formula fed) is indicated. Coordinated medical care and lactation assistance can facilitate successful breastfeeding.
本文综述了对母乳喂养婴儿可能产生的疾病或暴露风险。婴儿半乳糖血症是母乳喂养的禁忌证。母亲的任何疾病都不是母乳喂养的禁忌证，除非是需要诊断性检查、治疗或疾病本身可能会对婴儿产生影响。限制饮食或营养不良不是母乳喂养的禁忌证，但这可能是提供营养咨询的机会。美国的环境毒物暴露并不常见，通常也不会成为母乳喂养的禁忌证。在任何令人担忧的情况下，都应对母婴（母乳喂养或配方奶喂养）的风险和益处进行评估和讨论。协调的医疗护理和哺乳支持可以促进成功母乳喂养。
