公共卫生项目在减少酒精消费方面的成效。
Effectiveness of public health programs for decreasing alcohol consumption.
作者信息
Kelly-Weeder Susan, Phillips Kathryn, Rounseville Shannon
机构信息
William F Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
出版信息
Patient Intell. 2011 May 12;2011(3):29-38. doi: 10.2147/PI.S12431.
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption and the associated negative consequences are a major public health concern in the United States and throughout the world. Historically, there have been numerous attempts to develop policies and prevention programs aimed at decreasing high-risk alcohol use. Policy initiatives have demonstrated considerable effectiveness and include changes in the minimum legal drinking age, reductions in acceptable legal limits for blood alcohol concentration while operating a motor vehicle, as well as decreasing availability and access to alcohol for underage individuals. Primary prevention programs that have used exclusively educational approaches have received mixed results. Increasing effectiveness has been associated with prevention programs that have utilized a multi-component approach and have included educational initiatives with environmental changes.
摘要
过量饮酒及其相关的负面后果是美国乃至全世界主要的公共卫生问题。从历史上看，人们多次尝试制定政策和预防计划，旨在减少高风险饮酒行为。政策举措已显示出相当大的成效，包括提高法定最低饮酒年龄、降低驾驶机动车时血液酒精浓度的法定可接受限度，以及减少未成年人获取酒精饮料的机会。仅采用教育方法的初级预防计划取得了喜忧参半的结果。预防计划成效的提高与采用多成分方法并包括教育举措和环境改变的计划有关。
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