Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Neurol Clin. 2013 Feb;31(1):79-138. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2012.09.008.
Transverse myelitis (TM) includes a pathobiologically heterogeneous syndrome characterized by acute or subacute spinal cord dysfunction resulting in paresis, a sensory level, and autonomic (bladder, bowel, and sexual) impairment below the level of the lesion. Etiologies for TM can be broadly classified as parainfectious, paraneoplastic, drug/toxin-induced, systemic autoimmune disorders, and acquired demyelinating diseases. We discuss the clinical evaluation, workup, and acute and long-term management of patients with TM. Additionally, we briefly discuss various disease entities that may cause TM and their salient distinguishing features, as well as disorders that may mimic TM.
横断性脊髓炎（TM）是一种具有不同病理生理特性的综合征，其特征为急性或亚急性脊髓功能障碍，导致病变以下部位出现瘫痪、感觉丧失和自主神经（膀胱、肠道和性功能）功能障碍。TM 的病因可大致分为感染后、副肿瘤性、药物/毒素诱导、系统性自身免疫性疾病和获得性脱髓鞘疾病。我们讨论了 TM 患者的临床评估、检查和急性及长期管理。此外，我们还简要讨论了可能导致 TM 的各种疾病实体及其显著特征，以及可能模仿 TM 的疾病。
