Behavioral Health and Research, Department of Ob/Gyn, UTMB Health, Galveston, TX 77555-0587, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2013 Apr;42(4):596-606. doi: 10.1007/s10964-012-9877-1. Epub 2012 Nov 28.
The prevention of teen dating violence is a major public health priority. However, the dearth of longitudinal studies makes it difficult to develop programs that effectively target salient risk factors. Using a school-based sample of ethnically diverse adolescents, this longitudinal study examined whether substance use (alcohol, marijuana, and hard drugs) and exposure to parental violence predicted the perpetration of physical dating violence over time. 1,042 9th and 10th grade high schools students were recruited and assessed in the spring of 2010, and 93 % of the original sample completed the 1-year follow-up in the spring of 2011. Participants who had begun dating at the initial assessment and who self-identified as African American (n = 263; 32 %), Caucasian (n = 272; 33 %), or Hispanic (n = 293; 35 %) were included in the current analyses (n = 828; 55 % female). Slightly more than half of the adolescents who perpetrated dating violence at baseline reported past year dating violence at follow-up, relative to only 11 % of adolescents who did not report perpetrating dating violence at baseline. Structural equation modeling revealed that the use of alcohol and hard drugs at baseline predicted the future perpetration of physical dating violence, even after accounting for the effects of baseline dating violence and exposure to interparental violence. Despite differences in the prevalence of key variables between males and females, the longitudinal associations did not vary by gender. With respect to race, exposure to mother-to-father violence predicted the perpetration of dating violence among Caucasian adolescents. Findings from the current study indicate that targeting substance use, and potentially youth from violent households, may be viable approaches to preventing the perpetration of teen dating violence.
预防青少年恋爱暴力是一项重要的公共卫生重点。然而，由于缺乏纵向研究，很难制定出能有效针对突出风险因素的项目。本纵向研究使用基于学校的、种族多样化的青少年样本，考察了物质使用（酒精、大麻和硬毒品）和父母间暴力的暴露是否随时间预测了身体恋爱暴力的实施。共招募了 1042 名 9 年级和 10 年级高中生，并在 2010 年春季进行评估，其中 93%的原始样本在 2011 年春季完成了 1 年的随访。在初始评估时开始约会且自我认同为非裔美国人（n=263；32%）、白种人（n=272；33%）或西班牙裔（n=293；35%）的参与者被纳入当前分析（n=828；55%为女性）。与基线时未报告恋爱暴力实施的青少年相比，基线时实施恋爱暴力的青少年中略多于一半在随访时报告了过去一年的恋爱暴力，而只有 11%的青少年在基线时未报告恋爱暴力实施。结构方程模型显示，基线时使用酒精和硬毒品预测了未来身体恋爱暴力的实施，即使考虑了基线时恋爱暴力和父母间暴力暴露的影响。尽管男性和女性之间关键变量的流行率存在差异，但纵向关联不因性别而异。就种族而言，母亲对父亲的暴力暴露预测了白种青少年恋爱暴力的实施。本研究的结果表明，针对物质使用，以及可能来自暴力家庭的青少年，可能是预防青少年恋爱暴力实施的可行方法。
