Miller P L, Scholey J W, Rennke H G, Meyer T W
Department of Medicine, Stanford University, California 94305.
J Clin Invest. 1990 Apr;85(4):1119-26. doi: 10.1172/JCI114543.
Glomerular function and structure were assessed after reduction of nephron number and restriction of protein intake in rats with adriamycin nephrosis. Rats received an injection of adriamycin and were divided into three groups with similar values for albuminuria after 4 wk. Group 1 rats then served as controls, group 2 rats were subjected to four-fifths renal ablation, and group 3 rats were placed on a low protein diet (8% protein) while group 1 and group 2 rats remained on a standard diet (24% protein). Micropuncture and morphometric studies were performed 10 d later. Estimated single-nephron albuminuria (SNalb) was increased by renal ablation in group 2 and decreased by protein restriction in group 3 (group 1, 20 +/- 2 micrograms/d; group 2, 68 +/- 7 micrograms/d; group 3, 12 +/- 1 microgram/d, P less than 0.05 groups 2 and 3 vs. 1). Increased SNalb was associated with increased glomerular volume in group 2 and reduced SNalb was associated with reduced glomerular volume in group 3. (group 1, 1.44 +/- 0.04 x 10(6) microns 3; group 2, 1.66 +/- 0.08 x 10(6) microns 3; group 3, 1.26 +/- 0.03 x 10(6) microns 3, P less than 0.05 groups 2 and 3 vs. 1). Increased SNalb in group 2 was not associated with an increase in glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure. The area of epithelial cell detachment from the peripheral capillary wall was markedly increased in group 2 but not perceptibly altered in group 3 (group 1, 16 +/- 5 x 10(2) microns 2; group 2, 65 +/- 17 x 10(2) microns 2; group 3, 18 +/- 5 x 10(2) microns 2; P less than 0.05 group 2 vs. 1). These studies show that glomerular hypertrophy is associated with increased epithelial cell detachment from the peripheral capillary wall and with increased remnant nephron albuminuria after reduction of nephron number in rats with established nephrosis.
在阿霉素肾病大鼠中，减少肾单位数量并限制蛋白质摄入后，对肾小球功能和结构进行评估。给大鼠注射阿霉素，4周后将其分为三组，三组蛋白尿水平相似。第1组大鼠作为对照，第2组大鼠进行五分之四肾切除，第3组大鼠给予低蛋白饮食（8%蛋白质），而第1组和第2组大鼠继续给予标准饮食（24%蛋白质）。10天后进行微穿刺和形态学研究。第2组肾切除使估计的单肾单位蛋白尿（SNalb）增加，第3组蛋白质限制使SNalb降低（第1组，20±2微克/天；第2组，68±7微克/天；第3组，12±1微克/天，第2组和第3组与第1组相比，P<0.05）。SNalb增加与第2组肾小球体积增加相关，SNalb降低与第3组肾小球体积减少相关。（第1组，1.44±0.04×10⁶立方微米；第2组，1.66±0.08×10⁶立方微米；第3组，1.26±0.03×10⁶立方微米，第2组和第3组与第1组相比，P<0.05）。第2组SNalb增加与肾小球跨毛细血管液压压力增加无关。第2组上皮细胞从外周毛细血管壁脱离的面积明显增加，而第3组无明显改变（第1组，16±5×10²平方微米；第2组，65±17×10²平方微米；第3组，18±5×10²平方微米；第2组与第1组相比，P<0.05）。这些研究表明，在已患肾病的大鼠中，肾单位数量减少后，肾小球肥大与上皮细胞从外周毛细血管壁脱离增加以及残余肾单位蛋白尿增加有关。
