Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Feb;28(2):220-6. doi: 10.1111/jgh.12053.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing intestinal inflammatory disorder with unidentified causes. Currently, studies indicate that IBD results from a complex interplay between various genetic and environmental factors that produce intestinal inflammation. However, these factors may differ for Asians and Caucasians. Thus, differences in epidemiology, genetic variants, and clinical phenotypes of IBD have been observed between the two populations. Understanding the discrepancies between data from populations with different genetic backgrounds and environmental factors may reveal fundamental aspects of IBD pathogenesis. Accordingly, this review will summarize the current knowledge of IBD genetics studied in Asian countries and compare it with that from Western countries, with special focus on innate bacterial sensing, autophagy, and the interleukin-23 receptor-T helper cell 17 pathway. The epigenetic nature of IBD pathogenesis as well as the pharmacogenetics related to the use of immunomodulators will also be briefly covered.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种病因不明的慢性复发性肠道炎症性疾病。目前的研究表明，IBD 是由多种遗传和环境因素相互作用引起的肠道炎症。然而，这些因素在亚洲人和高加索人之间可能存在差异。因此，在这两个人群中观察到了 IBD 的流行病学、遗传变异和临床表型的差异。了解来自具有不同遗传背景和环境因素的人群的数据差异可能揭示 IBD 发病机制的基本方面。因此，本综述将总结在亚洲国家研究的 IBD 遗传学的最新知识，并将其与西方国家进行比较，特别关注先天细菌感应、自噬和白细胞介素-23 受体-T 辅助细胞 17 途径。IBD 发病机制的表观遗传学性质以及与免疫调节剂使用相关的药物遗传学也将简要介绍。
