Laboratório de Interação Molecular Planta-Praga, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil.
Biopolymers. 2012;98(4):416-27. doi: 10.1002/bip.22089.
Peptide expression methods have been widely studied and developed from many different biological sources. The cultivation ofprokaryotic and eukaryotic cells has proven to be efficient for the expression of foreign peptides in several heterologous systems, including bacteria, insects, yeasts, and mammals. Earlier reports brought up new insights for the improvement of expressed products to not only increase the production rate of desired peptides but also reproduce desirable post-translational modifications and even to reduce the risk of allergenicity when those products are aimed for human use. The development of bioreactor systems provided the optimization of cell growth conditions to scale up the amounts of expressed peptides. On the other hand, different cell systems and mutants provided a plethora of possible peptide modifications. Hence, in this report, we describe the many organisms and systems used for the large scale production of several macromolecules with relevance in health and agriculture. We also bring into discussion plant biofarming in the moss Physcomitrella patens and its recent adaptations, as a cost-effective and efficient approach in the production of more complex heterologous proteins, given the fact that its glycosylation pattern can be engineered to avoid allergenicity to humans (common to plant-derived glycoproteins).
从许多不同的生物来源广泛研究和开发了肽表达方法。原核和真核细胞的培养已被证明在几种异源系统中对表达外源肽是有效的，包括细菌、昆虫、酵母和哺乳动物。早期的报告提出了新的见解，不仅可以提高所需肽的产量，还可以重现所需的翻译后修饰，甚至降低这些产品用于人类时的变应原性风险。生物反应器系统的发展提供了细胞生长条件的优化，以扩大表达肽的数量。另一方面，不同的细胞系统和突变体提供了大量可能的肽修饰。因此，在本报告中，我们描述了许多用于大规模生产与健康和农业相关的几种大分子的生物体和系统。我们还讨论了苔藓拟南芥中的植物生物农业及其最近的适应，因为它是一种具有成本效益和高效的方法，用于生产更复杂的异源蛋白质，因为其糖基化模式可以被设计为避免对人类的变应原性（常见于植物衍生的糖蛋白）。
