University of Central Lancashire, Institute of Coaching and Performance, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2013;31(7):736-44. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2012.747692. Epub 2012 Nov 30.
The ability to successfully develop to the highest levels in sport is dependent on a range of variables, not least an individual's ability to cope with the various challenges of development. Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence (PCDEs) include both the trait characteristics and the state-deployed skills that have been shown to play a crucial role in the realisation of potential. Psychological characteristics of developing excellence equip aspiring elites with the mental skills, attitudes, and emotions to cope with the challenges of the development pathway, as well as underpinning their capacity to make the most of their innate abilities. The Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire (PCDEQ) was designed to assess the possession and deployment of these characteristics. The purpose of this paper was to examine the ability of the Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire to effectively discriminate between good and poor developers based on their current possession and deployment of psychological characteristics of developing excellence. Two hundred and eighty-five athletes (n = 192 team athletes; n = 93 individual athletes) completed the Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire. Results from the discriminant function analysis suggest that the Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire correctly classifies between 67% and 75% of athletes based on their responses. The Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire can be used as a formative assessment tool to direct training programmes by identifying weaknesses in psychological characteristics of developing excellence and incorporating specific training to address these weaknesses in advance of developmental challenges.
成功发展到运动的最高水平取决于一系列因素，尤其是个人应对各种发展挑战的能力。发展卓越的心理特征（PCDEs）包括特质特征和状态部署技能，这些特征和技能已被证明在发挥潜力方面起着至关重要的作用。发展卓越的心理特征使有抱负的精英具备应对发展道路上挑战的心理技能、态度和情绪，以及支持他们充分发挥自身天赋的能力。发展卓越的心理特征问卷（PCDEQ）旨在评估这些特征的拥有和运用情况。本文的目的是检验发展卓越的心理特征问卷是否能够根据运动员目前拥有和运用发展卓越的心理特征，有效地区分优秀运动员和表现较差的运动员。285 名运动员（n=192 名团队运动员；n=93 名个人运动员）完成了发展卓越的心理特征问卷。判别功能分析的结果表明，根据运动员的反应，发展卓越的心理特征问卷正确地将 67%到 75%的运动员进行了分类。发展卓越的心理特征问卷可用作形成性评估工具，通过识别发展卓越的心理特征中的弱点，并在发展挑战之前提前进行特定的培训来解决这些弱点，从而指导培训计划。
