Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia Augusta, Georgia, 30912 USA.
EPMA J. 2010 Mar;1(1):46-55. doi: 10.1007/s13167-010-0009-2. Epub 2010 Mar 19.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which a T-cell-mediated reaction demolishes insulin-producing cells of pancreatic islets. Inadequacy of insulin therapy has motivated research focused on mechanisms by which autoimmune reactions can be suppressed. In recent years, the role of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) in regulation of immune system has been extensively investigated. Initially, IDO was recognized as a host defense mechanism. However, recent studies have suggested an immunomodulatory role for IDO which may contribute to the induction of immune tolerance. In this review, we concentrate on the role of IDO in several pathologic conditions with a focus on T1D to rationalize our hypothesis regarding the potential for inclusion of IDO in certain therapeutic strategies aimed at early detection, treatment or ideally cure of chronic and autoimmune diseases such as T1D.
1 型糖尿病（T1D）是一种自身免疫性疾病，其中 T 细胞介导的反应破坏胰岛中的胰岛素产生细胞。胰岛素治疗的不足促使人们研究能够抑制自身免疫反应的机制。近年来，色氨酸 2,3 双加氧酶（IDO）在免疫系统调节中的作用得到了广泛的研究。最初，IDO 被认为是一种宿主防御机制。然而，最近的研究表明 IDO 具有免疫调节作用，可能有助于诱导免疫耐受。在这篇综述中，我们集中讨论 IDO 在几种病理情况下的作用，重点是 T1D，以合理化我们关于将 IDO 纳入某些旨在早期检测、治疗或理想地治愈慢性和自身免疫性疾病（如 T1D）的治疗策略的假设。
