Jalenques I, Enjolras J, Izaute M
Service de psychiatrie de l'adulte A et psychologie médicale, pôle de psychiatrie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, 58, rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Encephale. 2013 Jun;39(3):189-97. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2012.06.011. Epub 2012 Nov 29.
Emotion recognition is a domain in which deficits have been reported in schizophrenia. A number of emotion classification studies have indicated that emotion processing deficits in schizophrenia are more pronounced for negative affects. Given the difficulty of developing material suitable for the study of these emotional deficits, it would be interesting to examine whether patients suffering from schizophrenia are responsive to positively and negatively charged emotion-related words that could be used within the context of remediation strategies. The emotional perception of words was examined in a clinical experiment involving schizophrenia patients. This emotional perception was expressed by the patients in terms of the valence associated with the words. In the present study, we investigated whether schizophrenia patients would assign the same negative and positive valences to words as healthy individuals.
Twenty volunteer, clinically stable, outpatients from the Psychiatric Service of the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand were recruited. Diagnoses were based on DSM-IV criteria. Global psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS). The patients had to evaluate the emotional valence of a set of 300 words on a 5-point scale ranging from "very unpleasant" to "very pleasant".
. The collected results were compared with those obtained by Bonin et al. (2003) [13] from 97 University students. Correlational analyses of the two studies revealed that the emotional valences were highly correlated, i.e. the schizophrenia patients estimated very similar emotional valences. More precisely, it was possible to examine three separate sets of 100 words each (positive words, neutral words and negative words). The positive words that were evaluated were the more positive words from the norms collected by Bonin et al. (2003) [13], and the negative words were the more negative examples taken from these norms. The neutral words reflected the more neutral emotional valences collected. The results suggested that the emotional valences for the negative words were significantly greater in the patients than is observed in the collected norms (P<0.001). Moreover, the emotional valence associated with positive words was significantly lower in the patients than in the collected norms (P<0.001). Nevertheless, only 16 words differed significantly in terms of evaluated emotional valence between patients and young adults.
Despite their overall emotional impairments, the patients with schizophrenia had a very similar perception of word valence as controls. This result suggests that the emotional perception of most emotional words is preserved. This research provides data important to consider during rehabilitation. Moreover, this study will make it possible to select stimuli for use in future studies of emotion in patients.
情绪识别是一个已报道精神分裂症存在缺陷的领域。多项情绪分类研究表明，精神分裂症患者在处理负面情绪时的情绪加工缺陷更为明显。鉴于开发适合研究这些情绪缺陷的材料存在困难，研究精神分裂症患者对可用于补救策略的带正电和负电的情绪相关词汇是否有反应将会很有趣。在一项涉及精神分裂症患者的临床实验中，对词汇的情绪感知进行了研究。患者通过与词汇相关的效价来表达这种情绪感知。在本研究中，我们调查了精神分裂症患者是否会给词汇赋予与健康个体相同的负面和正面效价。
招募了来自克莱蒙费朗大学医院精神科的20名临床稳定的门诊志愿者。诊断基于DSM-IV标准。使用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）评估整体精神症状。患者必须在从“非常不愉快”到“非常愉快”的5点量表上评估一组300个词汇的情绪效价。
将收集到的结果与博宁等人（2003年）[13]从97名大学生那里获得的结果进行比较。两项研究的相关性分析表明，情绪效价高度相关，即精神分裂症患者估计的情绪效价非常相似。更确切地说，可以分别检查三组每组100个词汇（积极词汇、中性词汇和消极词汇）。所评估的积极词汇是博宁等人（2003年）[13]收集的规范中更积极的词汇，消极词汇是从这些规范中选取的更消极的例子。中性词汇反映了所收集的更中性的情绪效价。结果表明，患者对消极词汇的情绪效价比所收集规范中观察到的显著更高（P<0.001）。此外，患者与积极词汇相关的情绪效价比所收集规范中的显著更低（P<0.001）。然而，在患者和年轻人之间，只有16个词汇在评估的情绪效价方面有显著差异。
尽管精神分裂症患者存在整体情绪障碍，但他们对词汇效价的感知与对照组非常相似。这一结果表明，大多数情绪词汇的情绪感知得以保留。这项研究为康复过程中需要考虑的数据提供了重要信息。此外，这项研究将使得有可能为未来患者情绪研究选择刺激材料。
