Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Exp Parasitol. 2013 Feb;133(2):211-6. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.11.006. Epub 2012 Nov 29.
Trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of trichomonosis, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease. Infection with this protozoan may have serious consequences, especially for women. Currently, 5-nitroimidazole drugs are the treatment of choice for trichomonosis, but the emergence of resistance has limited the effectiveness of this therapy. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the anti-T. vaginalis activity of marine-associated fungi found in the South Brazilian Coast. A total of 42 marine-associated fungal species (126 filtrate samples) isolated from 39 different marine organisms, mainly sponges, were selected to be screened against T. vaginalis. Of these, two filtrate samples from Hypocrea lixii F02 and Penicillium citrinum F40 showed significant growth-inhibitory activity (up to 100%) against ATCC 30236 and fresh clinical isolates, including a metronidazole-resistant isolate. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of H. lixii F02 and P. citrinum F40 samples for all isolates tested, including the metronidazole-resistant isolate, were 2.5 mg/mL. The kinetic growth curve showed that the filtrate samples were able to reduce the density of parasites to zero within 24 h of incubation, which was confirmed by microscopy. Both fungal filtrate samples exhibited no hemolytic activity, and the P. citrinum F40 filtrate sample showed low cytotoxicity against Vero cells. These data suggest that marine-associated fungi from the South Brazilian Coast may produce potential candidates for further investigation and possible use in the treatment of metronidazole-resistant trichomonosis.
阴道毛滴虫是滴虫病的病原体，这是最常见的非病毒性性传播疾病。感染这种原生动物可能会产生严重的后果，尤其是对女性而言。目前，5-硝基咪唑类药物是治疗滴虫病的首选药物，但耐药性的出现限制了这种治疗方法的有效性。在这种背景下，本研究旨在评估南巴西南部海岸发现的海洋相关真菌对阴道毛滴虫的抗虫活性。从 39 种不同的海洋生物中分离出的 42 种海洋相关真菌（126 种滤液样本）被选择用于对抗阴道毛滴虫。其中，Hypocrea lixii F02 和 Penicillium citrinum F40 的两种滤液样本对 ATCC 30236 和新鲜临床分离株（包括一种甲硝唑耐药株）表现出显著的生长抑制活性（高达 100%）。H. lixii F02 和 P. citrinum F40 样本对所有测试分离株（包括甲硝唑耐药株）的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值均为 2.5 mg/mL。动力学生长曲线表明，滤液样本在孵育 24 小时内能够将寄生虫的密度降低到零，这通过显微镜得到了证实。两种真菌滤液样本均无溶血活性，并且 P. citrinum F40 滤液样本对 Vero 细胞的细胞毒性较低。这些数据表明，南巴西南部海岸的海洋相关真菌可能产生有潜力的候选物，用于进一步研究和可能用于治疗甲硝唑耐药性滴虫病。
