Castanon F, Leeper R W, Parsons C M
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61801.
Poult Sci. 1990 Jan;69(1):90-7. doi: 10.3382/ps.0690090.
The use of corn gluten feed (CGF) in the diets of laying hens and in induced molting programs was investigated through four experiments. The first two experiments evaluated the effects of CGF on egg production from 23 to 56 or from 32 to 65 wk of age. Graded levels of CGF from 0 to 25% were added to a corn-soybean meal, control diet (16.5% CP) in a nonisocaloric and an isocaloric manner. The ratio for dietary MEn:protein was held constant in some diets, but varied in others. The nonisocaloric inclusion of up to 25% CGF did not negatively affect egg production in either experiment. When 25% CGF was fed to the 32 wk old hens, egg weight was decreased. Egg weight was also decreased when 10% CGF or higher levels were fed to the younger hens. The nonisocaloric addition of CGF also increased feed intake and decreased feed efficiency (gram of egg per gram of feed) in most cases. Isocaloric inclusion of 15% CGF did not affect egg-production parameters, but 25% CGF negatively affected most parameters. When the ratio for MEn:protein of the CGF diets was equal to that of the control diet, 25% CGF negatively affected most parameters, 17.5% CGF decreased egg weight and feed efficiency, and 10% CGF increased egg production. Feed intake was increased at all of the CGF levels. Two additional experiments evaluated CGF in programs for induced molting. The molting procedure involved feed withdrawal for 10 days followed by feeding molt diets consisting of 99.75% corn, 99.75% CGF, 49.75% corn:50% CGF, or two grower-type diets for pullets (15% CP) containing 25% CGF or 18.5% wheat bran. The two grower-type diets for pullets yielded similar and significantly greater postmolt gains in body weight and early postmolt egg production (3 wk) than did the other diets. The corn:CGF diet also yielded greater postmolt weight gains and early postmolt egg production than the 100% corn or 100% CGF diets. Long-term postmolt egg production (30 or 37 wk) was not affected by the molt diets.
通过四项试验研究了玉米麸质饲料（CGF）在蛋鸡日粮及强制换羽程序中的应用。前两项试验评估了CGF对23至56周龄或32至65周龄蛋鸡产蛋性能的影响。以非等热卡和等热卡方式，将0至25%不同梯度水平的CGF添加到玉米 - 豆粕型对照日粮（粗蛋白含量16.5%）中。部分日粮中代谢能与蛋白质的比例保持恒定，而其他日粮中该比例则有所变化。在任一试验中，非等热卡添加高达25%的CGF对产蛋性能均无负面影响。给32周龄母鸡饲喂25% CGF时，蛋重降低。给较年轻母鸡饲喂10%及以上水平的CGF时，蛋重也会降低。在大多数情况下，非等热卡添加CGF还会增加采食量并降低饲料效率（每克饲料产蛋克数）。等热卡添加15% CGF对产蛋性能参数无影响，但25% CGF对大多数参数有负面影响。当CGF日粮中代谢能与蛋白质的比例与对照日粮相当时，25% CGF对大多数参数有负面影响，17.5% CGF降低蛋重和饲料效率，10% CGF提高产蛋量。所有CGF水平下采食量均增加。另外两项试验评估了CGF在强制换羽程序中的应用。换羽程序包括停喂10天，之后饲喂由99.75%玉米、99.75% CGF、49.75%玉米:50% CGF组成的换羽日粮，或两种含25% CGF或18.5%麦麸的育雏期日粮（粗蛋白含量15%）。与其他日粮相比，两种育雏期日粮使换羽后体重增加以及换羽后早期（3周）产蛋量显著更高且相近。玉米:CGF日粮在换羽后体重增加和换羽后早期产蛋量方面也高于100%玉米或100% CGF日粮。换羽后长期（30或37周）产蛋量不受换羽日粮的影响。
