Laboratoire Mémoire & Cognition, Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e49537. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049537. Epub 2012 Nov 28.
Perspective (route or survey) during the encoding of spatial information can influence recall and navigation performance. In our experiment we investigated a third type of perspective, which is a slanted view. This slanted perspective is a compromise between route and survey perspectives, offering both information about landmarks as in route perspective and geometric information as in survey perspective. We hypothesized that the use of slanted perspective would allow the brain to use either egocentric or allocentric strategies during storage and recall. Twenty-six subjects were scanned (3-Tesla fMRI) during the encoding of a path (40-s navigation movie within a virtual city). They were given the task of encoding a segment of travel in the virtual city and of subsequent shortcut-finding for each perspective: route, slanted and survey. The analysis of the behavioral data revealed that perspective influenced response accuracy, with significantly more correct responses for slanted and survey perspectives than for route perspective. Comparisons of brain activation with route, slanted, and survey perspectives suggested that slanted and survey perspectives share common brain activity in the left lingual and fusiform gyri and lead to very similar behavioral performance. Slanted perspective was also associated with similar activation to route perspective during encoding in the right middle occipital gyrus. Furthermore, slanted perspective induced intermediate patterns of activation (in between route and survey) in some brain areas, such as the right lingual and fusiform gyri. Our results suggest that the slanted perspective may be considered as a hybrid perspective. This result offers the first empirical support for the choice to present the slanted perspective in many navigational aids.
在空间信息编码过程中，视角（路径或俯视）会影响回忆和导航表现。在我们的实验中，我们研究了第三种视角，即倾斜视角。这种倾斜视角是路径视角和俯视视角之间的折衷，既提供了类似于路径视角的地标信息，又提供了类似于俯视视角的几何信息。我们假设使用倾斜视角可以让大脑在存储和回忆过程中使用自我中心或客体中心策略。26 名被试在编码路径（虚拟城市内的 40 秒导航电影）时进行了扫描（3-Tesla fMRI）。他们的任务是编码虚拟城市中一段行程，并为每个视角（路径、倾斜和俯视）进行后续的快捷查找。行为数据分析表明，视角会影响反应准确性，倾斜视角和俯视视角的正确反应明显多于路径视角。对大脑活动与路径、倾斜和俯视视角的比较表明，倾斜视角和俯视视角在左舌回和梭状回共享共同的大脑活动，并导致非常相似的行为表现。在右侧中枕叶回，倾斜视角在编码过程中也与路径视角相关联。此外，倾斜视角在一些大脑区域引起了介于路径视角和俯视视角之间的中间激活模式，如右侧舌回和梭状回。我们的结果表明，倾斜视角可以被视为一种混合视角。这一结果首次为在许多导航辅助工具中呈现倾斜视角的选择提供了实证支持。
