由 Cellulomonas sp. Okoh 产生的生物聚合絮凝剂（糖胺聚糖）的特性和絮凝性能。
Characterization and flocculation properties of biopolymeric flocculant (glycosaminoglycan) produced by Cellulomonas sp. Okoh.
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
出版信息
J Appl Microbiol. 2013 May;114(5):1325-37. doi: 10.1111/jam.12095. Epub 2013 Mar 19.
AIMS
Bioflocculant production potential of an actinobacteria isolated from a freshwater environment was evaluated and the bioflocculant characterized.
METHODS AND RESULTS
16S rDNA nucleotide sequence and BLAST analysis was used to identify the actinobacteria and fermentation conditions, and nutritional requirements were evaluated for optimal bioflocculant production. Chemical analyses, FTIR, 1H NMR spectrometry and SEM imaging of the purified bioflocculant were carried out. The 16S rDNA nucleotide sequences showed 93% similarities to three Cellulomonas species (strain 794, Cellulomonas flavigena DSM 20109 and Cellulomonas flavigena NCIMB 8073), and the sequences was deposited in GenBank as Cellulomonas sp. Okoh (accession number HQ537132). Bioflocculant was optimally produced at an initial pH 7, incubation temperature 30°C, agitation speed of 160 rpm and an inoculum size of 2% (vol/vol) of cell density 1·5 × 10(8) cfu ml(-1). Glucose (88·09% flocculating activity; yield: 4·04 ± 0·33 g l(-1)), (NH(4))2 NO(3) (82·74% flocculating activity; yield: 4·47 ± 0·55 g l(-1)) and MgCl(2) (90·40% flocculating activity; yield: 4·41 g l(-1)) were the preferred nutritional source. Bioflocculant chemical analyses showed carbohydrate, protein and uronic acids in the proportion of 28·9, 19·3 and 18·7% in CPB and 31·4, 18·7 and 32·1% in PPB, respectively. FTIR and 1H NMR indicated the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino groups amongst others typical of glycosaminoglycan. SEM imaging revealed horizontal pleats of membranous sheets closely packed.
CONCLUSION
Cellulomonas sp. produces bioflocculant predominantly composed of glycosaminoglycan polysaccharides with high flocculation activity.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
High flocculation activity suggests suitability for industrial applications; hence, it may serve to replace the hazardous flocculant used in water treatment.
目的
评估从淡水环境中分离出的一种放线菌的生物絮凝剂生产潜力，并对生物絮凝剂进行特性分析。
方法和结果
使用 16S rDNA 核苷酸序列和 BLAST 分析鉴定放线菌，并评估发酵条件和营养需求，以实现最佳生物絮凝剂生产。对纯化的生物絮凝剂进行化学分析、FTIR、1H NMR 光谱和 SEM 成像。16S rDNA 核苷酸序列与三种纤维单胞菌（菌株 794、黄色纤维单胞菌 DSM 20109 和黄色纤维单胞菌 NCIMB 8073）的相似度为 93%，序列已在 GenBank 中作为纤维单胞菌 Okoh（登录号 HQ537132）进行了存储。生物絮凝剂在初始 pH 值为 7、培养温度为 30°C、搅拌速度为 160rpm 和接种量为细胞密度 1.5×10(8)cfu ml(-1)的 2%（体积/体积）时产量最佳。葡萄糖（絮凝活性 88.09%；得率：4.04±0.33 g l(-1)）、（NH(4))2NO(3)（絮凝活性 82.74%；得率：4.47±0.55 g l(-1)）和 MgCl(2)（絮凝活性 90.40%；得率：4.41 g l(-1)）是首选的营养源。生物絮凝剂的化学分析表明 CPB 中碳水化合物、蛋白质和糖醛酸的比例分别为 28.9%、19.3%和 18.7%，PPB 中分别为 31.4%、18.7%和 32.1%。FTIR 和 1H NMR 表明存在羧基、羟基和氨基等典型的糖胺聚糖基团。SEM 成像显示出紧密堆积的水平褶皱膜片。
结论
纤维单胞菌产生的生物絮凝剂主要由具有高絮凝活性的糖胺聚糖多糖组成。
研究的意义和影响
高絮凝活性表明其适用于工业应用；因此，它可能取代用于水处理的有害絮凝剂。
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