Hayward Reid, Iwaniec Urszula T, Turner Russell T, Lien Chia-Ying, Jensen Brock T, Hydock David S, Schneider Carole M
School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO 80639, USA.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2013 May;35(4):e144-8. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0b013e318279b1fb.
There is growing concern regarding the long-term negative side effects of chemotherapy in childhood cancer survivors. Doxorubicin (DOX) is commonly used in the treatment of childhood cancers and has been shown to be both cardiotoxic and osteotoxic. It is unclear whether exercise can attenuate the negative skeletal effects of this chemotherapy. Rat pups were treated with saline or DOX. Animals remained sedentary or voluntarily exercised. After 10 weeks, femoral bone mineral content and bone mineral density were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Cortical and cancellous bone architecture was then evaluated by microcomputed tomography. DOX had a profound negative effect on all measures of bone mass and cortical and cancellous bone architecture. Treatment with DOX resulted in shorter femora and lower femoral bone mineral content and bone mineral density, lower cross-sectional volume, cortical volume, marrow volume, cortical thickness, and principal (IMAX, IMIN) and polar (IPOLAR) moments of inertia in the femur diaphysis, and lower cancellous bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness in the distal femur metaphysis. Exercise failed to protect bones from the damaging effects of DOX. Other modalities may be necessary to mitigate the deleterious skeletal effects that occur in juveniles undergoing treatment with anthracyclines.
人们越来越关注儿童癌症幸存者化疗的长期负面副作用。阿霉素（DOX）常用于治疗儿童癌症，已被证明具有心脏毒性和骨毒性。目前尚不清楚运动是否能减轻这种化疗对骨骼的负面影响。将幼鼠用生理盐水或DOX处理。动物保持久坐或自愿运动。10周后，使用双能X线吸收法测量股骨骨矿物质含量和骨密度。然后通过微型计算机断层扫描评估皮质骨和松质骨结构。DOX对所有骨量测量指标以及皮质骨和松质骨结构均有深远的负面影响。DOX治疗导致股骨更短，股骨骨矿物质含量和骨密度更低，股骨干的横截面体积、皮质体积、骨髓体积、皮质厚度以及主（IMAX、IMIN）和极（IPOLAR）惯性矩更低，股骨远端干骺端的松质骨体积/组织体积、小梁数量和小梁厚度更低。运动未能保护骨骼免受DOX的破坏作用。可能需要其他方式来减轻接受蒽环类药物治疗的青少年中出现的有害骨骼影响。
