Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, IA 52242, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 2013 Feb;23(2):37-42. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2012.11.001. Epub 2012 Dec 2.
Wildland fires present many injury hazards to firefighters. We estimate injury rates and identify fire-related factors associated with injury.
Data from the National Interagency Fire Center from 2003 to 2007 provided the number of injuries in which the firefighter could not return to his or her job assignment, person-days worked, and fire characteristics (year, region, season, cause, fuel type, resistance to control, and structures destroyed). We assessed fire-level risk factors of having at least one reported injury using logistic regression. Negative binomial regression was used to examine incidence rate ratios associated with fire-level risk factors.
Of 867 fires, 9.5% required the most complex management and 24.7% required the next-highest level of management. Fires most often occurred in the western United States (82.8%), during the summer (69.6%), caused by lightening (54.9%). Timber was the most frequent fuel source (40.2%). Peak incident management level, person-days of exposure, and the fire's resistance to control were significantly related to the odds of a fire having at least one reported injury. However, the most complex fires had a lower injury incidence rate than less complex fires.
Although fire complexity and the number of firefighters were associated with the risk for at least one reported injury, the more experienced and specialized firefighting teams had lower injury incidence.
野火对消防员造成许多伤害。我们估计了伤害率，并确定了与伤害有关的火灾相关因素。
2003 年至 2007 年，国家跨机构消防中心的数据提供了无法返回工作岗位的消防员人数、工作天数以及火灾特征（年份、地区、季节、起因、燃料类型、控制难度和被破坏的建筑物）。我们使用逻辑回归评估了具有至少一次报告伤害的火灾级别风险因素。使用负二项回归检查了与火灾级别风险因素相关的发病率比。
在 867 起火灾中，9.5%需要最复杂的管理，24.7%需要下一个最高级别的管理。火灾最常发生在美国西部（82.8%），夏季（69.6%），由闪电引起（54.9%）。木材是最常见的燃料来源（40.2%）。峰值事件管理级别、暴露的工作天数以及火灾的控制难度与发生至少一次报告伤害的火灾的几率显著相关。然而，最复杂的火灾的伤害发生率低于不太复杂的火灾。
尽管火灾的复杂性和消防员的数量与至少一次报告伤害的风险相关，但经验丰富和专业的消防队伍的伤害发生率较低。
