Hayashi Daichi, Guermazi Ali, Roemer Frank W
Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2012 Nov;16(5):419-30. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1329895. Epub 2012 Dec 4.
The ability of MRI to visualize the joint as a "whole organ" and to directly and three-dimensionally assess cartilage morphology and composition has given it a crucial role in discovering the natural history of osteoarthritis (OA). Morphological analysis can be semiquantitative or quantitative. Compositional analysis such as delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage and T2 mapping allows quantitative evaluation of tissue ultrastructure and can detect premorphological changes of cartilage and other tissues. Contrast-enhanced MRI can accurately assess the true extent of synovial inflammation. Most MRI-based studies so far have focused on knee OA, but with the availability of new semiquantitative scoring systems for hand and hip OA, studies of these joints have begun to appear. Because of the technical complexity of MRI and ever increasing number of new and sophisticated imaging sequences and protocols, the specific MRI technique in any OA study needs to be carefully tailored to the aims of the study.
磁共振成像（MRI）能够将关节视为一个“整体器官”进行可视化，并直接对软骨形态和成分进行三维评估，这使其在发现骨关节炎（OA）的自然病程中发挥了关键作用。形态学分析可以是半定量的或定量的。诸如延迟钆增强软骨磁共振成像和T2图谱等成分分析能够对组织超微结构进行定量评估，并可检测软骨及其他组织的形态学前期变化。对比增强磁共振成像能够准确评估滑膜炎症的真实范围。迄今为止，大多数基于MRI的研究都集中在膝关节OA，但随着针对手和髋关节OA的新半定量评分系统的出现，有关这些关节的研究也开始出现。由于MRI技术复杂，且新的复杂成像序列和方案不断增加，在任何OA研究中，特定的MRI技术都需要根据研究目的进行精心定制。
