Burstein Deborah, Gray Martha, Mosher Tim, Dardzinski Bernard
Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Radiol Clin North Am. 2009 Jul;47(4):675-86. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2009.04.003.
Osteoarthritis involves ongoing degradative and healing processes that occur at the molecular level in multiple tissues in the joint in response to a number of biochemical and mechanical factors. Understanding these dynamic processes before they affect the structural aspects of the joint motivates the need for metrics to better visualize the compositional and structural molecular aspects of the tissues in vivo. As reviewed here, most of the work to date in this regard has been focused on magnetic resonance imaging approaches for interrogating molecular features of cartilage, including T2 mapping, T1rho mapping, delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), and sodium imaging. Specific examples illustrate new opportunities and insights emerging from these methods.
骨关节炎涉及持续的降解和修复过程，这些过程在关节的多个组织中于分子水平发生，以响应多种生化和机械因素。在这些动态过程影响关节的结构方面之前了解它们，促使人们需要一些指标来更好地在体内可视化组织的组成和结构分子方面。如本文所综述，迄今为止在这方面的大部分工作都集中在用于探究软骨分子特征的磁共振成像方法上，包括T2成像、T1rho成像、软骨延迟钆增强磁共振成像（dGEMRIC）和钠成像。具体实例说明了这些方法带来的新机遇和新见解。
