Shukla Navika D, Tiwari Vaibhav, Valyi-Nagy Tibor
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Mol Vis. 2012;18:2711-6. Epub 2012 Nov 16.
Primary and recurrent infections of the cornea by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) are important causes of eye disease. Three unrelated classes of glycoprotein D receptors for HSV-1 entry into cells have been identified. This study was undertaken to uncover the relative significance of nectin-1 as an entry receptor in corneal infection and HSV-1 spread to the trigeminal ganglia (TG), a site important for HSV-1 latency and recurrent corneal infection.
To assess the significance of nectin-1, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, in primary HSV-1 infection and spread to the TG, we used a murine model of corneal infection and a HSV-1 mutant, KOS(Rid1), which can only use nectin-1 for entry. Immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and plaque assays using HSV-1 infected tissues were performed.
We demonstrated that receptor usage by HSV-1 limited to nectin-1 does not significantly change the spread of HSV-1 in the corneal epithelium during primary infection. We also found that nectin-1-specific entry does not affect the capacity of the virus to spread to the TG from the cornea.
Our findings suggest that nectin-1 alone is sufficient for HSV-1 entry into the cornea and spread to the TG.
单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）引起的角膜原发性和复发性感染是眼部疾病的重要病因。已鉴定出三类与HSV-1进入细胞相关的无关糖蛋白D受体。本研究旨在揭示nectin-1作为进入受体在角膜感染以及HSV-1传播至三叉神经节（TG，对HSV-1潜伏和复发性角膜感染至关重要的部位）中的相对重要性。
为评估免疫球蛋白超家族成员nectin-1在HSV-1原发性感染及传播至TG中的重要性，我们使用了角膜感染小鼠模型以及一种只能利用nectin-1进入细胞的HSV-1突变体KOS(Rid1)。对HSV-1感染的组织进行了免疫组织化学、实时PCR和噬斑测定。
我们证明，HSV-1仅限于使用nectin-1作为受体，在原发性感染期间并不会显著改变HSV-1在角膜上皮中的传播。我们还发现，通过nectin-1特异性进入细胞并不影响病毒从角膜传播至TG的能力。
我们的研究结果表明，仅nectin-1就足以使HSV-1进入角膜并传播至TG。
