Dept. of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, RC Wilson Building Room 260N, The University of Georgia, 250 W Green St, Athens, GA 30602-2354, USA.
J Fluency Disord. 2012 Dec;37(4):300-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2012.04.005. Epub 2012 May 10.
The purpose of this study was to compare two welfare outcome measures, willingness to pay (WTP) and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) gained, to measure outcomes in stuttering.
Seventy-eight adult participants (74 nonstuttering and 4 persons with stuttering) completed one face-to-face structured interview regarding how much they would be willing to pay to alleviate severe stuttering in three interventions of varying impact. These data were compared with QALYs gained as calculated from time trade off (TTO) and standard gamble (SG) data.
Mean (median) WTP bids ranged from US $16,875 (8000), for an intervention resulting in improvement from severe stuttering to mild stuttering, to US $41,844 (10,000) for an intervention resulting in a cure of severe stuttering. These data were consistent with mean changes in QALYs for the same stuttering interventions ranging from 2.19 (using SG) to 18.42 (using TTO).
This study presents the first published WTP and QALY data for stuttering. Results were consistent with previous cost-of-illness data for stuttering. Both WTP and QALY measures were able to quantify the reduction in quality of life that occurs in stuttering, and both can be used to compare the gains that might be achieved by different interventions. It is widely believed that stuttering can cause reduced quality of life for some speakers; the introduction into this field of standardized metrics for measuring quality of life is a necessary step for transparently weighing the costs and consequences of stuttering interventions in economic analyses.
The reader will be able to (a) describe the underlying theoretical foundations for willingness to pay and quality adjusted life years, (b) describe the application of willingness to pay and quality adjusted life years for use in economic analyses, (c) compare and contrast the value of willingness to pay and quality adjusted life years in measuring the impact of stuttering treatment on quality of life, (d) interpret quality adjusted life years, and (e) interpret willingness to pay data.
本研究旨在比较两种福利结果衡量指标，即支付意愿（WTP）和质量调整生命年（QALY），以衡量口吃的结果。
78 名成年参与者（74 名非口吃者和 4 名口吃者）完成了一次面对面的结构化访谈，内容是他们愿意为缓解三种不同影响的口吃干预措施而支付多少钱。这些数据与通过时间权衡（TTO）和标准赌博（SG）数据计算得出的 QALY 增益进行了比较。
平均（中位数）WTP 出价范围从治疗严重口吃至轻度口吃的干预措施的 16875 美元（8000 美元）到治疗严重口吃的干预措施的 41844 美元（10000 美元）。这些数据与同一口吃干预措施的 QALY 平均变化一致，范围从使用 SG 的 2.19 到使用 TTO 的 18.42。
本研究首次发表了口吃的 WTP 和 QALY 数据。结果与口吃的疾病成本数据一致。WTP 和 QALY 两种衡量标准都能够量化口吃导致的生活质量下降，并且都可以用于比较不同干预措施可能带来的收益。人们普遍认为口吃会导致一些患者的生活质量下降；在这个领域引入用于衡量生活质量的标准化指标是在经济分析中权衡口吃干预的成本和后果的必要步骤。
读者将能够（a）描述支付意愿和质量调整生命年的基本理论基础，（b）描述支付意愿和质量调整生命年在经济分析中的应用，（c）比较和对比支付意愿和质量调整生命年在衡量口吃治疗对生活质量的影响，（d）解释质量调整生命年，（e）解释支付意愿数据。
