The Pain Management and Wellness Center, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, New Jersey 07631, USA.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2012 Dec;44(6 Suppl):S4-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2012.08.013.
Adverse drug reactions are common and associated with substantial economic and human costs. Particularly among older adult populations, preventable adverse drug reactions are often caused by drug-drug interactions. All analgesics have side effect profiles and many have known drug-drug interactions. Opioids are recognized as a necessary option for managing moderate-to-severe pain, yet many opioid side effects can be enhanced by metabolic interactions within the liver, involving other drugs, diseases, or genetics.
药物不良反应很常见，会带来巨大的经济和人力成本。特别是在老年人群体中，可预防的药物不良反应往往是由药物相互作用引起的。所有的镇痛药都有副作用，其中许多都存在已知的药物相互作用。阿片类药物被认为是治疗中重度疼痛的必要选择，但许多阿片类药物的副作用可以通过肝脏内的代谢相互作用增强，涉及其他药物、疾病或遗传因素。
