Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2013 Jan;38(1):47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2012.11.001. Epub 2012 Dec 4.
Translational control of gene expression is instrumental in the regulation of eukaryotic cellular form and function. Neurons in particular rely on this form of control because their numerous synaptic connections need to be independently modulated in an input-specific manner. Brain cytoplasmic (BC) RNAs implement translational control at neuronal synapses. BC RNAs regulate protein synthesis by interacting with eIF4 translation initiation factors. Recent evidence suggests that such regulation is required to control synaptic strength, and that dysregulation of local protein synthesis precipitates neuronal hyperexcitability and a propensity for epileptogenic responses. A similar phenotype results from lack of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), indicating that BC RNAs and FMRP use overlapping and convergent modes of action in neuronal translational regulation.
基因表达的翻译调控对于真核细胞的形态和功能的调节至关重要。神经元特别依赖于这种形式的调控，因为它们众多的突触连接需要以输入特异性的方式独立地进行调节。脑细胞质（BC）RNAs 在神经元突触中实现翻译调控。BC RNAs 通过与 eIF4 翻译起始因子相互作用来调节蛋白质合成。最近的证据表明，这种调控对于控制突触强度是必需的，而局部蛋白质合成的失调会导致神经元过度兴奋和癫痫发作的倾向。脆性 X 智力低下蛋白（FMRP）缺失也会导致类似的表型，表明 BC RNAs 和 FMRP 在神经元翻译调控中使用重叠和趋同的作用模式。
