CETEDUM, Hôpital Rivière-des-Prairies et Centre de recherche Fernand Seguin, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2013 Feb;37(2):209-28. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.11.016. Epub 2012 Dec 5.
Superior perception, peaks of ability, and savant skills are often observed in the autistic phenotype. The enhanced perceptual functioning model (Mottron et al., 2006a) emphasizes the increased role and autonomy of perceptual information processing in autistic cognition. Autistic abilities also involve enhanced pattern detection, which may develop through veridical mapping across isomorphic perceptual and non-perceptual structures (Mottron et al., 2009). In this paper, we elaborate veridical mapping as a specific mechanism which can explain the higher incidence of savant abilities, as well as other related phenomena, in autism. We contend that savant abilities such as hyperlexia, but also absolute pitch and synaesthesia, involve similar neurocognitive components, share the same structure and developmental course, and represent related ways by which the perceptual brain deals with objective structures under different conditions. Plausibly, these apparently different phenomena develop through a veridical mapping mechanism whereby perceptual information is coupled with homological data drawn from within or across isomorphic structures. The atypical neural connectivity characteristic of autism is consistent with a developmental predisposition to veridical mapping and the resulting high prevalence of savant abilities, absolute pitch, and synaesthesia in autism.
自闭症患者通常表现出卓越的感知能力、能力高峰和学者技能。增强的感知功能模型（Mottron 等人，2006a）强调了感知信息处理在自闭症认知中的作用和自主性增强。自闭症患者的能力还包括增强的模式检测，这可能通过同构感知和非感知结构之间的真实映射发展而来（Mottron 等人，2009）。在本文中，我们详细阐述了真实映射作为一种特定机制，可以解释自闭症中学者能力以及其他相关现象的更高发生率。我们认为，学者能力，如超阅读能力，还有绝对音高和联觉，涉及类似的神经认知成分，具有相同的结构和发展过程，代表了感知大脑在不同条件下处理客观结构的相关方式。可以合理地假设，这些明显不同的现象是通过真实映射机制发展而来的，该机制将感知信息与同构结构内或跨结构的同源数据相联系。自闭症中典型的神经连接特征与真实映射的发展倾向一致，这导致自闭症中学者能力、绝对音高和联觉的高发生率。
