Luo Lirong, Su I-Fan
Human Communication, Development and Information Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Front Psychol. 2023 Feb 22;14:1049775. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1049775. eCollection 2023.
The aim of the study is to examine the meta-linguistic awareness skills contributing to reading aloud in a Chinese-speaking child with hyperlexia.
Case study approach was used with one case of hyperlexia (TYH) and two control groups: typically developing (TD) children matched for chronological age (CA) and TD children matched for mental ability (MA). A battery of phonological, morphological, and orthographic awareness skill tests were administered.
Results from the modified -test found that the hyperlexic child did not demonstrate advanced meta-linguistic awareness skills in comparison with the two control groups. On the contrary, TYH's morphological awareness skills were even lower than the CA control group. Also, in the orthographic awareness test, TYH demonstrated weaker knowledge of character structure and components than the two control groups although his ability in the recognition of real words is intact. In addition, the predictability of orthographic awareness skill was comparable to the CA group with predicted score showed no difference to his obtained score, while TYH achieved a significantly higher reading score than what his morphological awareness skills should predict with reference to TD children of similar age; as well as what his phonological awareness skill predict with reference to the MA group.
The findings suggest that TYH can achieve advanced reading ability with comparable phonological and orthographic awareness skill, despite his weakness in morphological awareness. It is concluded that the hyperlexic reading in Chinese might be achieved through the direct mapping between the whole character and the sound.
本研究旨在考察对一名患有快速识读症的华裔儿童大声朗读有促进作用的元语言意识技能。
采用案例研究方法，研究对象为一名患有快速识读症的儿童（TYH）以及两个对照组：按实际年龄匹配的发育正常（TD）儿童和按智力匹配的TD儿童。进行了一系列语音、形态和正字法意识技能测试。
改良测试结果发现，与两个对照组相比，患有快速识读症的儿童并未表现出先进的元语言意识技能。相反，TYH的形态意识技能甚至低于实际年龄对照组。此外，在正字法意识测试中，尽管TYH识别实词的能力完好，但他对汉字结构和部件的了解比两个对照组弱。此外，正字法意识技能的预测能力与实际年龄组相当，预测分数与他的实际得分无差异，而TYH的阅读分数显著高于根据其形态意识技能对同龄TD儿童预测的分数；以及根据其语音意识技能对智力匹配组预测的分数。
研究结果表明，尽管TYH在形态意识方面存在不足，但他能够凭借相当的语音和正字法意识技能达到先进的阅读能力。得出的结论是，汉语中的快速识读症阅读可能是通过整个汉字与语音之间的直接映射实现的。
