Université de Toulon, PROTEE, EA 3819, 83957 La Garde, France.
Sci Total Environ. 2013 Jan 15;443:420-8. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.10.002. Epub 2012 Dec 2.
Determination of distribution and chemical speciation of arsenic and heavy metals in five acidic springs and in the receiving river near Srebrenica (Bosnia and Herzegovina) was carried out. These waters were used for centuries, and continue to be used, for health-care purposes. The composition and properties of all springs and the river water (after all inputs) resembled that of an acid mine drainage. Very low pH (<3.3), high sulphate concentration and extremely high contents of most of the measured elements (25) are found in all springs (e.g. arsenic and iron maximal concentration of 6.6 and 500 mg L(-1), respectively). Although of small discharge, spring waters caused the decrease of the receiving river pH (from 7.3 to 3.4) and the considerable increase of the concentrations of elements. The enrichment factor for the studied elements ranged from 1.2 for Sr up to 425 for As. In acidic spring waters, all elements were predominantly present in dissolved form. Elements associated to freshly-formed hydrous ferric oxide were prevailing in particulate forms only at the two most upstream sites in the river with pH>7. Geochemical speciation modelling (PHREEQC and WHAM-VI) revealed that As was mainly present as As(V), and Fe as Fe(III). Complexation of dissolved metals by organic matter was predicted to be significant only for the two river sites with neutral pH.
对斯雷布雷尼察（波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那）附近的五个酸性泉以及受纳河中的砷和重金属的分布和化学形态进行了测定。这些水曾被几个世纪以来一直被用于医疗保健目的。所有泉水和河水（在所有输入之后）的组成和性质都类似于酸性矿山排水。所有泉水都具有非常低的 pH 值（<3.3）、高硫酸盐浓度和大多数测量元素（25 种）的极高含量（例如，砷和铁的最大浓度分别为 6.6 和 500 mg/L）。尽管泉水排放量较小，但泉水会导致受纳河的 pH 值下降（从 7.3 降至 3.4），并使元素浓度大幅增加。研究元素的富集因子范围从 1.2（Sr）到 425（As）。在酸性泉水中，所有元素主要以溶解形式存在。仅在 pH 值>7 的河流最上游的两个地点，与新形成的水合氧化铁结合的元素以颗粒形式为主。地球化学形态模拟（PHREEQC 和 WHAM-VI）表明，As 主要以 As(V)形式存在，Fe 主要以 Fe(III)形式存在。预测只有在 pH 值为中性的两个河流地点，溶解金属与有机物的络合作用才会显著。
