HydroSciences UMR 5569 CNRS - Universités Montpellier I and II - IRD, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC MSE, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2013 Aug;15(8):1536-44. doi: 10.1039/c3em00215b.
The speciation and behaviour of antimony were investigated in surface waters downstream from the abandoned Pb-Zn Carnoulès mine (Gard, France). These waters exhibit a permanent gradient of oxygen concentration and pH, ranging from acid suboxic in Reigous Creek at the outlet of sulfide tailings impoundment, to near neutral oxygenated at downstream sites along the rivers Amous and Gardon. The concentration of total dissolved (<0.22 μm) antimony, acquired through a seven-year monitoring, decreased from 7.7-409.9 μg L(-1) at the source of Reigous Creek to 0.22-0.45 μg L(-1) in the Gardon River, showing natural Sb attenuation. Speciation analysis carried out during three surveys indicated that Sb(III) represented up to 70% of the total dissolved Sb concentration at the source of Reigous Creek, while Sb(V) represented less than 50%. Field characterization showed that Sb(III) and Sb(V) species were attenuated through dilution and were also removed from the dissolved phase during downstream transport. Speciation analysis in suspended particulate matter extracts gave a distribution of particulate Sb into 70 to 100% of Sb(III) and less than 30% of Sb(V). The removal of Sb(III) and Sb(V) species from the dissolved phase was concordant with the oversaturation of Reigous Creek water relative to Sb(III)- and Sb(V)-oxides and Sb(III)- and Sb(V)-Fe oxides. Sb(III) was more efficiently removed than Sb(V) or As(III) and it was no more detectable in the dissolved phase at downstream sites in the rivers Amous and Gardon. Conversely, the concentration of Sb(V) in the rivers Amous and Gardon still denoted contamination arising from the Carnoulès mine. The range of log Kd values, from 2.4 L kg(-1) to 4.9 L kg(-1), indicated that Sb was mainly transported in the dissolved phase downstream the Reigous Creek input. Altogether, these results give a better understanding of the fate of Sb downstream from sulfide-rich mining wastes.
研究了废弃的 Pb-Zn 卡努勒斯矿（法国加尔省）下游地表水的锑的形态和行为。这些水表现出氧浓度和 pH 值的恒定梯度，从硫化物尾矿库出口的雷古乌斯溪的酸性缺氧到下游沿阿莫斯河和加顿河的近中性含氧。通过为期七年的监测获得的总溶解（<0.22 μm）锑浓度从雷古乌斯溪源头的 7.7-409.9μg/L 降至加顿河的 0.22-0.45μg/L，显示出自然 Sb 的衰减。在三次调查中进行的形态分析表明，在雷古乌斯溪源头，Sb(III) 占总溶解 Sb 浓度的高达 70%，而 Sb(V) 则不到 50%。野外特征表明，Sb(III)和 Sb(V) 形态通过稀释而衰减，并且在下游输送过程中也从溶解相中去除。悬浮颗粒物提取物中的 Sb 形态分析给出了 Sb 以 70%至 100%的 Sb(III)和小于 30%的 Sb(V)的形式存在于颗粒物中。Sb(III)和 Sb(V) 形态从溶解相中去除与雷古乌斯溪相对于 Sb(III)-和 Sb(V)-氧化物以及 Sb(III)-和 Sb(V)-Fe 氧化物的过饱和相一致。Sb(III)比 Sb(V)或 As(III)更有效地去除，并且在阿莫斯河和加顿河的下游站点在溶解相中不再可检测到。相反，在阿莫斯河和加顿河中的 Sb(V)浓度仍然表示来自卡努勒斯矿的污染。log Kd 值的范围从 2.4 L/kg 到 4.9 L/kg，表明 Sb 主要在雷古乌斯溪输入下游以溶解相的形式运输。总之，这些结果更好地了解了富含硫化物的采矿废物下游 Sb 的归宿。
