Pearce Julia M, Rubin G James, Amlôt Richard, Wessely Simon, Rogers M Brooke
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2013 Feb;7(1):65-74. doi: 10.1001/dmp.2012.56.
The aim of this study was to enhance public health preparedness for incidents that involve the large-scale release of a hazardous substance by examining factors likely to influence public responses to official guidance on how to limit their exposure.
An online demographically representative survey was conducted in the United Kingdom (n = 601) and Poland (n = 602) to test the strength of association of trust in authorities, anxiety, threat, and coping appraisals with the intention to comply with advice to shelter in place following a hypothetical chemical spill. The impact of ease of compliance and style of message presentation were also examined.
Participants were more likely to comply if at home when the incident happened, but message presentation had little impact. Coping appraisals and trust were key predictors of compliance, but threat appraisals were associated with noncompliance. Anxiety was seen to promote behavioral change. UK participants were more likely to comply than Polish participants.
Successful crisis communications during an emergency should aim to influence perceptions regarding the efficacy of recommended behaviors, the difficulties people may have in following advice, and perceptions about the cost of following recommended behaviors. Generic principles of crisis communication may need adaptation for national contexts.
本研究的目的是通过审视可能影响公众对官方关于如何限制接触有害物质的指导意见做出反应的因素，加强对涉及大规模释放有害物质事件的公共卫生防范能力。
在英国（n = 601）和波兰（n = 602）进行了一项具有人口统计学代表性的在线调查，以测试对当局的信任、焦虑、威胁和应对评估与在假设化学品泄漏后遵守就地避难建议的意愿之间的关联强度。还研究了遵守的难易程度和信息呈现方式的影响。
如果事件发生时参与者在家中，他们更有可能遵守，但信息呈现方式影响不大。应对评估和信任是遵守的关键预测因素，但威胁评估与不遵守相关。焦虑被认为会促进行为改变。英国参与者比波兰参与者更有可能遵守。
紧急情况下成功的危机沟通应旨在影响对推荐行为有效性、人们遵循建议可能遇到的困难以及遵循推荐行为成本的认知。危机沟通的一般原则可能需要根据国家情况进行调整。
