Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, University of Washington, 1100 NE 45th St., Suite 300, Box 354944, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA,
J Gambl Stud. 2014 Mar;30(1):27-46. doi: 10.1007/s10899-012-9343-8.
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate a measure of gambling protective behaviors and examine the relationship between indices of gambling behavior, including frequency, quantity and problem severity, and the use of gambling protective behaviors. Undergraduates from a large public university (N = 4,014) completed a web-based screening survey comprising measures of gambling and health behaviors, from which those who gambled within the past 6-months (n = 1,922, 48 % of the entire sample) were invited to complete the baseline assessment, including the Gambling Protective Behavior Scale (GPBS). The GPBS was determined to have two subscales, primarily consisting of harm reduction strategies that reduce the money or time spent on gambling, or avoidance strategies that help to minimize engagement in gambling activities. Hierarchical multiple regressions found participants' sex moderated the relationship between use of protective behavioral strategies and gambling outcomes. However, effects were in the opposite direction to those hypothesized. Specifically, because women gambled less, had lower gambling problem severity, and reported more frequent use of gambling avoidance protective behaviors, the relationship between use of gambling protective behaviors and gambling outcomes was stronger for men than women. Men who used more avoidance strategies gambled less frequently compared to men who used fewer avoidance strategies. Similarly, men who used more harm reduction strategies spent fewer dollars on gambling and had lower scores on gambling problem severity compared to men using fewer harm reduction strategies for women these relationships were less pronounced. Implications of incorporating specific gambling protective behavioral strategies into prevention and treatment programs are discussed.
本研究的目的是评估一种赌博保护行为的衡量标准，并探讨赌博行为指标（包括频率、数量和严重程度）与使用赌博保护行为之间的关系。来自一所大型公立大学的本科生（N=4014）完成了一项基于网络的筛选调查，其中包括赌博和健康行为的测量，在过去 6 个月内有赌博行为的人（n=1922，占整个样本的 48%）被邀请完成基线评估，包括赌博保护行为量表（GPBS）。GPBS 确定有两个分量表，主要由减少赌博金钱或时间支出的减少伤害策略，或帮助最小化赌博活动参与的避免策略组成。分层多元回归发现，参与者的性别调节了保护性行为策略的使用与赌博结果之间的关系。然而，效果与假设的相反。具体来说，因为女性赌博较少，赌博问题严重程度较低，并且报告更频繁地使用赌博回避保护行为，所以对于男性而言，使用赌博保护行为与赌博结果之间的关系比女性更强。与使用较少回避策略的男性相比，使用更多回避策略的男性赌博频率较低。同样，与使用较少减少伤害策略的男性相比，使用更多减少伤害策略的男性在赌博上花费的美元更少，赌博问题严重程度得分也更低，而对于女性而言，这些关系则不那么明显。讨论了将特定的赌博保护行为策略纳入预防和治疗计划的意义。
