School of Public Health, Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Cancer. 2013 Apr 1;119(7):1373-80. doi: 10.1002/cncr.27896. Epub 2012 Dec 7.
Current evidence on breast cancer among US Hispanic women indicates a significant public health threat, although few studies have assessed the heterogeneity in breast cancer risk among Hispanics of different origin.
The 2000 and 2005 National Health Interview Survey Cancer Control Modules were used to examine the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (BCRAT) 5-year risk and lifetime risk of invasive breast cancer among Mexican/Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban/Cuban American, Dominican (Republic), Central/South American, Other Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white (NHW) women ages 35 to 84 years. Multiple linear regression models were used to compare the BCRAT 5-year and lifetime breast cancer risk between 1) Hispanics and NHWs and 2) Hispanic subgroups.
Hispanic women had significantly lower mean BCRAT 5-year and lifetime breast cancer risk compared with NHW women (P < .001). Among Hispanic subgroups, Cuban/Cuban Americans had a higher BCRAT 5-year risk (P < .05), whereas Dominicans had a higher lifetime risk (P < .001) compared with Mexican/Mexican Americans. Approximately 2.6% of Hispanic women were at high risk for breast cancer (BCRAT 5-year risk ≥1.67%), ranging from 1% of Central/South Americans to 3.7% of Puerto Ricans; few Hispanics (0.2%) had a lifetime risk ≥20%.
The current findings indicate that Hispanic women have a significantly lower risk of breast cancer compared with NHW women, although the risk according to BCRAT differed significantly between specific Hispanic subgroups. We provide estimates of the number of US Hispanic women from six subgroups who may be eligible for prophylactic breast cancer chemoprevention. The authors concluded that future studies should further investigate the heterogeneity in breast cancer risk and risk factors between Hispanic women of different origins.
目前针对美国西班牙裔女性的乳腺癌证据表明这是一个重大的公共健康威胁，尽管很少有研究评估不同原籍的西班牙裔女性乳腺癌风险的异质性。
利用 2000 年和 2005 年国家健康访谈调查癌症控制模块，调查了年龄在 35 至 84 岁之间的墨西哥/墨西哥裔、波多黎各裔、古巴裔/古巴裔、多米尼加裔（共和国）、中/南美洲裔、其他西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白种人（NHW）女性的乳腺癌风险评估工具（BCRAT）5 年风险和终生浸润性乳腺癌风险。多线性回归模型用于比较 1）西班牙裔和 NHW 之间的 BCRAT 5 年和终生乳腺癌风险和 2）西班牙裔亚组之间的 BCRAT 5 年和终生乳腺癌风险。
与 NHW 女性相比，西班牙裔女性的 BCRAT 5 年和终生乳腺癌风险显著较低（P <.001）。在西班牙裔亚组中，古巴裔/古巴裔的 BCRAT 5 年风险较高（P <.05），而多米尼加裔的终生风险较高（P <.001），与墨西哥裔/墨西哥裔相比。大约 2.6%的西班牙裔女性存在乳腺癌高风险（BCRAT 5 年风险≥1.67%），范围从中/南美洲裔的 1%到波多黎各裔的 3.7%；少数西班牙裔（0.2%）终生风险≥20%。
目前的研究结果表明，与 NHW 女性相比，西班牙裔女性的乳腺癌风险显著较低，尽管根据 BCRAT，特定西班牙裔亚组之间的风险存在显著差异。我们提供了来自六个亚组的美国西班牙裔女性人数的估计，这些女性可能有资格接受预防性乳腺癌化学预防。作者得出结论，未来的研究应进一步调查不同原籍的西班牙裔女性乳腺癌风险和风险因素的异质性。
