Tapia-Rombo Carlos Antonio, Mendoza-Cortés Ulises, Uscanga-Carrasco Herminia, Sánchez-García Luisa, Tena-Reyes Daniel, López-Casillas Elsa Claudia
Servicio de Neonatología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital General Dr. Gaudencio González Garza, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, IMSS.
Rev Invest Clin. 2012 Jul-Aug;64(4):344-53.
To determine the variability of the vital signs (temperature, heart rate and respiratory frequency), skin coloration and peripheral oxygen saturation in critically ill preterm newborns (CI PTNB) before, during and after sponge bathing as well as to determine the possible presence of secondary complications of this procedure.
We performed a quasi-experimental study (experimental, prospective, comparative and clinical study with intervention) May to December 2008, in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. We included CI PTNB of 0 to 28 days of extrauterine life who have practiced in the routine sponge bathing. Area of significance was considered when p < 0.05.
During or after the events in any of the patients presented any complications after 12 h of monitoring, but it was necessary to increase the inspired fraction of oxygen and temperature in the incubator or radiant heat cradle temporarily.
We conclude that the sponge bath is not safe for a CI PTNB and this should be performed in the shortest time possible, and the medical must be very alert to the possibility that patients require more support than they had prior to sponge bathing, mainly in the temperature of the incubator or radiant heat cradle and inspired fraction of oxygen for the required time according to the evolution of these variables.
确定危重新生儿（CI PTNB）在擦浴前、擦浴期间和擦浴后的生命体征（体温、心率和呼吸频率）、皮肤颜色及外周血氧饱和度的变化情况，并确定该操作可能存在的继发性并发症。
2008年5月至12月，我们在一家新生儿重症监护病房进行了一项准实验研究（实验性、前瞻性、对比性和有干预的临床研究）。纳入出生后0至28天、接受常规擦浴的CI PTNB。当p<0.05时视为具有显著性差异。
在任何患者事件期间或之后，经过12小时监测均未出现任何并发症，但有必要暂时提高暖箱或辐射保暖台上的氧气吸入分数和温度。
我们得出结论，擦浴对CI PTNB不安全，应在尽可能短的时间内进行，医护人员必须密切留意患者可能需要比擦浴前更多支持的情况，主要是根据这些变量的变化，在所需时间内调整暖箱或辐射保暖台的温度以及氧气吸入分数。
