Acosta-Castillo Gilberto Isaac, Luisa Sosa Ana, Orozco Ricardo, Borges Guilherme
Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez.
Rev Invest Clin. 2012 Jul-Aug;64(4):354-63.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms are the psychopathological dimension of dementia and they integrate a set of symptoms among those are: personality, behavioral and basic functions changes.
To analyze the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in elder people diagnosed with dementia, the association of symptoms with each other, their relationship with the severity of the disease and the stress generated by them in caregivers.
Secondary data analysis of 180 cases diagnosed with dementia from a population-based cross-sectional study of 2,003 older adults living in rural and urban areas of low to medium income in Mexico.
Twelve symptoms were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, with depression (47.8%), sleep disorders (37.2%) and irritability (34.4%) being the most prevalent ones. Statistically significant associations were found between severity of dementia and frequency of delusions, hallucinations, agitation, depression, euphoria, apathy, disinhibition, irritability and aberrant motor behavior. Anxiety, depression and sleep disorders were associated with mild/moderate caregivers stress levels. Three factors were identified by clustering technique Principal Components Analysis: the first conforming by delusions, disinhibition and euphoria; the second factor was integrated for disorders of appetite and apathy and the third factor included anxiety and aberrant motor behavior.
As in samples from other countries neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in Mexican elderly with dementia in non-institutionalized population, they may be auxiliary as indicators of severity of dementia and their grouping is related to 1) behavioral disorders, 2) vegetative symptoms and apathy, and 3) symptoms of anxiety.
神经精神症状是痴呆症的心理病理维度，它们整合了一系列症状，包括：人格、行为和基本功能变化。
分析被诊断为痴呆症的老年人中神经精神症状的患病率、症状之间的关联、它们与疾病严重程度的关系以及它们给照顾者带来的压力。
对来自墨西哥城乡低收入到中等收入地区的2003名老年人进行基于人群的横断面研究中诊断出的180例痴呆症病例进行二次数据分析。
使用神经精神科问卷评估了12种症状，其中抑郁（47.8%）、睡眠障碍（37.2%）和易怒（34.4%）最为常见。在痴呆症严重程度与妄想、幻觉、激越、抑郁、欣快、冷漠、脱抑制、易怒和异常运动行为的频率之间发现了具有统计学意义的关联。焦虑、抑郁和睡眠障碍与照顾者轻度/中度压力水平相关。通过聚类技术主成分分析确定了三个因素：第一个因素由妄想、脱抑制和欣快组成；第二个因素包括食欲障碍和冷漠，第三个因素包括焦虑和异常运动行为。
与其他国家的样本一样，神经精神症状在墨西哥非机构化人群中患有痴呆症的老年人中很常见，它们可能作为痴呆症严重程度的辅助指标，并且它们的分组与1）行为障碍、2）植物神经症状和冷漠以及3）焦虑症状有关。
