Equipe Fondation Recherche Médicale, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 15, rue R. Descartes, F67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2013 Feb;25(1):59-70. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2012.11.008. Epub 2012 Dec 7.
Significant advances have been made in our understanding of the host defense against microbial infections taking place at frontier epithelia of Drosophila flies. Immune deficiency (IMD), the major NF-κB immune response pathway induced in these epithelia, displays remarkable adaptations in its activation and regulation in the respiratory and digestive tract. The host defense against ingested pathogens is not limited to resistance, that is, the immune response. It also involves resilience, the capacity of the host to endure and repair damages inflicted by pathogens or the host's own immune response. For instance, enterocytes damaged by pathogens, the microbiota of aging flies, or host-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS), are replaced under the control of multiple pathways by the compensatory proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs).
在对果蝇前沿上皮组织中微生物感染的宿主防御的理解方面已经取得了重大进展。免疫缺陷（IMD）是这些上皮组织中诱导的主要 NF-κB 免疫反应途径，其在激活和调节方面在呼吸道和消化道中表现出显著的适应性。宿主对摄入病原体的防御不仅限于抵抗，即免疫反应。它还包括弹性，宿主承受和修复由病原体或宿主自身免疫反应造成的损伤的能力。例如，被病原体破坏的肠细胞、衰老果蝇的微生物群或宿主来源的活性氧（ROS），在多种途径的控制下，通过肠干细胞（ISCs）的代偿性增殖来替代。
