Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, Public Health Research Group, University of Alicante, Ap 99, C.P. 03080, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain.
Appetite. 2013 Mar;62:216-24. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.11.030. Epub 2012 Dec 8.
The aim of this study was to identify Spanish stakeholders' views on the relationship between childhood obesity and the marketing and advertising of food and beverages aimed at children in Spain, as well as on the corresponding of regulations. We performed a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with Stakeholders/Key Informants (KI) from 13 organisations: experts (2), consumer advocates (1), public health advocates (2), food manufacturers (2), advertising advocates (1), government representatives (1), child/family/school advocates (2) and media (1). The variables studied were Prevalence of childhood obesity and its relationship to marketing/advertising and Regulation of marketing. In order to identify the most relevant arguments (pearls) in the discourses, a blind independent analysis by four members of the research team was performed. We found that the prevalence of childhood obesity was perceived to be higher than the European average. Self-regulation was identified as the main form of marketing control. Only food manufacturers and advertising agencies considered voluntary action and supervisory procedures to be effective. The other stakeholders advocated state control through legislation and non-state actions such as external assessment and sanctions. Despite the divergence of opinion between stakeholders, there was agreement on the need to improve supervision and to ensure compliance with current self-regulatory codes in Spain.
本研究旨在了解西班牙利益相关者对儿童肥胖与食品和饮料针对儿童的营销和广告之间关系的看法，以及对相应法规的看法。我们采用半结构式访谈方法对来自 13 个组织的利益相关者/主要知情人（KI）进行了定性研究，这些组织包括专家（2 人）、消费者倡导者（1 人）、公共卫生倡导者（2 人）、食品制造商（2 人）、广告倡导者（1 人）、政府代表（1 人）、儿童/家庭/学校倡导者（2 人）和媒体（1 人）。研究的变量包括儿童肥胖的流行程度及其与营销/广告的关系，以及营销法规。为了确定论述中的最相关论点（精华），研究小组的四名成员进行了盲法独立分析。我们发现，儿童肥胖的流行程度被认为高于欧洲平均水平。自我监管被认为是营销控制的主要形式。只有食品制造商和广告代理商认为自愿行动和监督程序是有效的。其他利益相关者则主张通过立法和非国家行动（如外部评估和制裁）进行国家控制。尽管利益相关者之间存在意见分歧，但他们一致认为需要加强监督，并确保西班牙遵守现行的自我监管法规。
