Addis Ababa University, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Jan 30;145(2):638-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.002. Epub 2012 Dec 8.
The leaves of Kalanchoe petitiana A. Rich (Crassulaceae) are used in Ethiopian folk medicine for treatment of evil eye, fractured surface for bone setting and several skin disorders including for the treatment of sores, boils, and malignant wounds.
In order to scientifically prove the claimed utilization of the plant, the effects of the extracts and the fractions were investigated using in vivo excision, incision and dead space wound models.
Mice were used for wound healing study, while rats and rabbit were used for skin irritation test. For studying healing activity 80% methanolic extract and the fractions were formulated in strength of 5% and 10%, either as ointment (hydroalcoholic extract, aqueous and methanol fractions) or gel (chloroform fraction). Oral administration of the crude extract was used for dead space model. Negative controls were treated either with simple ointment or sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose xerogel, while positive controls with nitrofurazone (0.2 w/v) skin ointment. Negative controls for dead space model were treated with 1% carboxy methyl cellulose. Parameters, including rate of wound contraction, period of complete epithelializtion, hydroxyproline contents and skin breaking strength were evaluated.
Significant wound healing activity was observed with ointment formulated from the crude extract at both 5% and 10% concentration (p<0.01) compared to controls in both excision and incision models. In dead space model, 600 mg/kg (p<0.01) but not 300 mg/kg significantly increased hydroxyproline content. Fractions showed variable effect, with the chloroform fraction lacking any significant effect. Both 5% and 10% formulations of the aqueous and methanolic fractions significantly increased wound contraction, decreased epithelializtion time and increased hydroxyproline content in excision wound model (p<0.05) as compared to controls. These fractions were also endowed with higher skin breaking strength in incision wound model (p<0.01).
The present study provided evidence that the leaves of Kalanchoe petitiana A. Rich possess remarkable wound healing activities supporting the folkloric assertion of the plant. Fractionation revealed that polar or semi polar compound may play vital role, as both aqueous and methanolic fractions were endowed with wound healing activity.
非洲苦苣苔（苦苣苔科）的叶子被用于埃塞俄比亚民间医学中，用于治疗邪眼、骨折表面的骨固定和几种皮肤疾病，包括治疗疮、疖子和恶性伤口。
为了科学证明植物的使用，本研究采用体内切除、切口和死腔伤口模型，研究了提取物和馏分的作用。
使用小鼠进行伤口愈合研究，而大鼠和兔子用于皮肤刺激试验。为了研究愈合活性，将 80%甲醇提取物和馏分以 5%和 10%的浓度制成软膏（水醇提取物、水和甲醇馏分）或凝胶（氯仿馏分）。粗提取物口服用于死腔模型。阴性对照分别用简单软膏或羧甲基纤维素钠水凝胶处理，阳性对照用 0.2 w/v 的呋喃唑酮（硝基呋喃唑酮）皮肤软膏处理。死腔模型的阴性对照用 1%羧甲基纤维素处理。评估了包括伤口收缩率、完全上皮化时间、羟脯氨酸含量和皮肤断裂强度等参数。
与对照相比，在切除和切口模型中，以 5%和 10%浓度制成的软膏的粗提取物具有显著的伤口愈合活性（p<0.01）。在死腔模型中，600mg/kg（p<0.01）但不是 300mg/kg 显著增加了羟脯氨酸含量。馏分表现出不同的效果，氯仿馏分缺乏任何显著效果。与对照相比，水和甲醇馏分的 5%和 10%制剂均显著增加了切除伤口模型的伤口收缩率，减少了上皮化时间，并增加了羟脯氨酸含量（p<0.05）。这些馏分还赋予了切口伤口模型更高的皮肤断裂强度（p<0.01）。
本研究提供了证据表明，非洲苦苣苔的叶子具有显著的伤口愈合活性，支持了该植物的民间说法。分馏表明极性或半极性化合物可能发挥了重要作用，因为水和甲醇馏分都具有伤口愈合活性。
