Burucker J, Kropp S
Abteilung für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Immanuel Klinik Rüdersdorf.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2012 Dec;80(12):684-93. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1325452. Epub 2012 Dec 10.
Substance-related disorders are clinically and socially very important. In Germany over a million people of varying ages are affected. Depending on the substance and stage of treatment, drugs and different treatment methods are used. Through a literature search we examined the current knowledge of what drugs and therapies are used to date, and what randomised trials have been carried out to prove the efficacy of drug therapy. The aim was to define for each drug or pharmacological therapy a specific level of evidence. For the pharmacological treatment of alcohol, cocaine and opiate withdrawal syndromes and their relapses, prophylaxis or replacement therapy drugs are found to have a high level of evidence. Efficacy has been proven scientifically for processes such as behaviour therapy, contingency management or motivational interviewing.
物质相关障碍在临床和社会层面都非常重要。在德国，超过一百万名不同年龄段的人受到影响。根据物质和治疗阶段的不同，会使用不同的药物和治疗方法。通过文献检索，我们考察了目前关于迄今为止所使用的药物和疗法的知识，以及为证明药物治疗效果而进行的随机试验。目的是为每种药物或药物治疗确定一个特定的证据水平。对于酒精、可卡因和阿片类物质戒断综合征及其复发的药物治疗，预防或替代疗法药物被发现具有较高的证据水平。行为疗法、权变管理或动机访谈等方法的疗效已得到科学验证。
