Reduction of glutathione content by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in confluent, but not in sparse cultures of human diploid fibroblasts.

Treatment of confluent cultures of human diploid fibroblasts with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (10(-7) M) resulted in a 70% reduction of the glutathione (GSH) content, compared with untreated controls. The effect, which was dose-dependent, was observed 8 h after the beginning of the treatment could be followed for up to 72 h. On the other hand, GSH reduction was specific for confluent cultures, as the level of glutathione remained unchanged by TPA treatment of sparse cultures. The addition of immobilized plasma membrane proteins to sparsely seeded cells has been shown previously to induce cellular reactions which are characteristic for confluent cultures. It was shown that TPA treatment of sparse cultures grown in the presence of immobilized plasma membrane proteins also resulted in a 70% reduction of glutathione content. These data agree with the postulated involvement of redox reactions in tumor promotion, and point to a central role of cell-cell contacts in the regulation of biochemical events which are critical in tumorigenesis.