University of Perugia, DII, Perugia, Italy.
J Sports Sci. 2013;31(7):767-78. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2012.750005. Epub 2012 Dec 12.
Artificial turf is being used more and more often. It is more available than natural turf for use, requires much less maintenance and new products are able to comply with sport performance and athletes' safety. The purpose of this paper is to compare the mechanical and biomechanical responses of two different artificial turf infills (styrene butadiene rubber, from granulated vehicle tires, and thermoplastic rubber granules) and to compare them to the performance of natural fields where amateurs play (beaten earth, substantially). Three mechanical parameters have been calculated from laboratory tests: energy storage, energy losses and surface traction coefficient; results have been correlated with peak accelerations recorded on an instrumented athlete, on the field. The natural ground proved to be stiffer (-15% penetration depth for a given load), and to have a lower dynamic traction coefficient (-48%); the different kinds of infill showed significantly different stiffnesses (varying by more than 23%) and damping behaviour (varying by more than 31%). In running, peak vertical accelerations were lowest in the artificial ground with thermoplastic rubber granules, while, in slalom, both artificial grounds produced higher horizontal peak accelerations compared to the natural ground. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for athletic performance and injury risk.
人造草坪的应用越来越广泛。与天然草坪相比，它更容易使用，维护需求更少，而且新产品能够满足运动性能和运动员安全的要求。本文旨在比较两种不同的人造草坪填充材料（苯乙烯丁二烯橡胶，来自颗粒化的汽车轮胎，和热塑性橡胶颗粒）的机械和生物力学响应，并将其与业余运动员使用的天然场地（夯实土，实质上）的性能进行比较。从实验室测试中计算了三个机械参数：储能、能量损耗和表面牵引力系数；结果与在仪器化运动员在场上记录的峰值加速度相关联。天然地面被证明更硬（在给定载荷下的穿透深度减少 15%），并且具有更低的动态牵引力系数（减少 48%）；不同类型的填充物表现出明显不同的刚度（变化超过 23%）和阻尼行为（变化超过 31%）。在跑步中，使用热塑性橡胶颗粒的人造地面的垂直峰值加速度最低，而在障碍滑雪中，与天然地面相比，两种人造地面都产生了更高的水平峰值加速度。结果根据它们对运动表现和受伤风险的影响进行了讨论。
