Ford Kevin R, Manson Neil A, Evans Blake J, Myer Gregory D, Gwin Richelle C, Heidt Robert S, Hewett Timothy E
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Sports Medicine Biodynamics Center, Human Performance Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
J Sci Med Sport. 2006 Dec;9(6):433-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2006.03.019. Epub 2006 May 2.
Synthetic playing surfaces with rubber or sand infill are now used on many athletic fields such as soccer, football and rugby. Although these surfaces may come closer to the mechanical characteristics of a true grass playing surface than the older turf designs, their potential effects on lower extremity biomechanics and related injury rates necessitate further study. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two surfaces (natural grass versus turf) on in-shoe foot loading patterns during cutting. Seventeen male football players were tested on a slalom course. An in-shoe pressure distribution measurement insole was used in the right shoe (14 stud, molded cleat) of each athlete. Individual cutting steps were extracted from each slalom trial and peak pressure and relative load calculated in nine distinct plantar regions of the foot. The turf condition had significantly higher peak pressures within the central forefoot (turf: 646.6+/-172.6 kPa, grass: 533.3+/-143.4 kPa, P=0.017) and lesser toes (turf: 429.3+/-200.9 kPa, grass: 348.1+/-119.0 kPa, P=0.043) compared to grass. In contrast, the relative load within the medial forefoot (turf: 27.2+/-5.3%, grass: 30.2+/-6.6%, P=0.031) and lateral midfoot (turf: 3.4+/-1.8%, grass: 4.1+/-2.3%, P=0.029) were higher during the grass condition. No differences between the grass and turf were found in maximal effort sprint times performed prior to the testing trials. This study demonstrates that playing surface significantly affects plantar loading during sport related activities. Further epidemiological investigation is warranted to determine the effects of playing surfaces on sport specific injury mechanisms.
现在，许多运动场地，如足球、英式橄榄球和美式橄榄球场地，都使用填充了橡胶或沙子的合成草皮。尽管与早期的草皮设计相比，这些场地的机械特性可能更接近天然草皮场地，但它们对下肢生物力学和相关损伤发生率的潜在影响仍需进一步研究。本研究的目的是检查两种场地（天然草皮与人工草皮）对切入动作中鞋内足部负荷模式的影响。17名男性足球运动员在障碍滑雪赛道上进行了测试。在每位运动员的右鞋（14颗鞋钉、模压防滑钉）中使用了鞋内压力分布测量鞋垫。从每个障碍滑雪试验中提取单个切入步骤，并计算足部九个不同足底区域的峰值压力和相对负荷。与天然草皮相比，人工草皮场地在前脚掌中部（人工草皮：646.6±172.6千帕，天然草皮：533.3±143.4千帕，P=0.017）和小脚趾区域（人工草皮：429.3±200.9千帕，天然草皮：348.1±119.0千帕，P=0.043）的峰值压力明显更高。相比之下，在天然草皮场地条件下，前脚掌内侧（人工草皮：27.2±5.3%，天然草皮：30.2±6.6%，P=0.031）和中足外侧（人工草皮：3.4±1.8%，天然草皮：4.1±2.3%，P=0.029）的相对负荷更高。在测试试验之前进行的全力冲刺时间方面，天然草皮和人工草皮之间没有差异。本研究表明，运动场地在与运动相关的活动中会显著影响足底负荷。有必要进行进一步的流行病学调查，以确定运动场地对特定运动损伤机制的影响。
