Holmberg K, Bake B, Pipkorn U
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lundby Hospital, Gothenburg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
Eur J Pharmacol. 1990 Jan 3;175(1):35-41. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(90)90149-z.
To evaluate the vascular effects of topically applied bradykinin on the human nasal mucosa, 13 asymptomatic hay fever patients and 11 non-allergic subjects were challenged with diluent or bradykinin in three increasing doses. Mucosal blood flow was determined with the 133Xenon wash-out method and expiratory peak flow measurements used to assess nasal airway resistance before and after challenge. Nasal symptoms were recorded. Nasal secretion quantity was measured from preweighed paper handkerchiefs. Bradykinin induced a slight increase in nasal airway resistance which was similar in both allergic and non-allergic subjects. Nasal secretion was clearly increased after challenge with bradykinin compared with challenge with diluent in both allergic and non-allergic subjects. Bradykinin did not, however, induce any change in mucosal blood flow in either group. The present findings could be explained by direct effects of bradykinin on the vascular bed without reflex activity. Bradykinin would then induce an increase in vascular permeability with subsequent oedema formation and increased amounts of fluid on the mucosal surface. In contrast to allergen challenge, bradykinin challenge had no effect on the resistance vessels, changes of which had previously been shown to be largely reflex-mediated.
为评估局部应用缓激肽对人鼻黏膜的血管效应，对13名无症状性花粉症患者和11名非过敏受试者用稀释剂或三种递增剂量的缓激肽进行激发试验。采用133氙洗脱法测定黏膜血流，并在激发试验前后用呼气峰值流量测量来评估鼻气道阻力。记录鼻部症状。从预先称重的纸巾测量鼻分泌物量。缓激肽引起鼻气道阻力轻微增加，在过敏和非过敏受试者中相似。与用稀释剂激发相比，缓激肽激发后，过敏和非过敏受试者的鼻分泌物均明显增加。然而，缓激肽在两组中均未引起黏膜血流的任何变化。目前的研究结果可以通过缓激肽对血管床的直接作用而无反射活动来解释。缓激肽随后会导致血管通透性增加，继而形成水肿并使黏膜表面液体量增加。与变应原激发不同，缓激肽激发对阻力血管无影响，此前已表明阻力血管的变化很大程度上是由反射介导的。
