School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
ISME J. 2013 Apr;7(4):718-29. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2012.157. Epub 2012 Dec 13.
Great Boiling Spring is a large, circumneutral, geothermal spring in the US Great Basin. Twelve samples were collected from water and four different sediment sites on four different dates. Microbial community composition and diversity were assessed by PCR amplification of a portion of the small subunit rRNA gene using a universal primer set followed by pyrosequencing of the V8 region. Analysis of 164 178 quality-filtered pyrotags clearly distinguished sediment and water microbial communities. Water communities were extremely uneven and dominated by the bacterium Thermocrinis. Sediment microbial communities grouped according to temperature and sampling location, with a strong, negative, linear relationship between temperature and richness at all taxonomic levels. Two sediment locations, Site A (87-80 °C) and Site B (79 °C), were predominantly composed of single phylotypes of the bacterial lineage GAL35 ([pmacr]=36.1%), Aeropyrum ([pmacr]=16.6%), the archaeal lineage pSL4 ([pmacr]=15.9%), the archaeal lineage NAG1 ([pmacr]=10.6%) and Thermocrinis ([pmacr]=7.6%). The ammonia-oxidizing archaeon 'Candidatus Nitrosocaldus' was relatively abundant in all sediment samples <82 °C ([pmacr]=9.51%), delineating the upper temperature limit for chemolithotrophic ammonia oxidation in this spring. This study underscores the distinctness of water and sediment communities in GBS and the importance of temperature in driving microbial diversity, composition and, ultimately, the functioning of biogeochemical cycles.
大沸腾泉是美国大盆地中的一处大型、近中性、地热泉。在四个不同的日期，从水和四个不同沉积物地点采集了 12 个样本。通过使用通用引物对小亚基 rRNA 基因的一部分进行 PCR 扩增，然后对 V8 区进行焦磷酸测序，评估了微生物群落组成和多样性。对 164178 个质量过滤的 pyrotag 进行分析，清楚地区分了沉积物和水微生物群落。水群落极不均匀，主要由细菌 Thermocrinis 主导。沉积物微生物群落根据温度和采样地点分组，在所有分类水平上，温度与丰富度之间存在强烈的负线性关系。两个沉积物地点，Site A（87-80°C）和 Site B（79°C），主要由细菌谱系 GAL35（[pmacr]=36.1%）、 Aeropyrum（[pmacr]=16.6%）、古菌谱系 pSL4（[pmacr]=15.9%）、古菌谱系 NAG1（[pmacr]=10.6%）和 Thermocrinis（[pmacr]=7.6%）的单一型组成。氨氧化古菌“Candidatus Nitrosocaldus”在所有<82°C 的沉积物样本中相对丰富（[pmacr]=9.51%），划定了该泉中化能自养氨氧化的上限温度。本研究强调了 GBS 中水体和沉积物群落的独特性以及温度在驱动微生物多样性、组成以及最终生物地球化学循环功能方面的重要性。
