Pathology Department, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Histopathology. 2013 Jan;62(1):71-88. doi: 10.1111/his.12052.
Immunohistochemistry can be useful in the diagnosis of ovarian germ cell tumours and sex cord-stromal tumours. A wide variety of markers are available, including many that are novel. The aim of this review is to provide a practical approach to the selection and interpretation of these markers, emphasizing an understanding of their sensitivity and specificity in the particular differential diagnosis in question. The main markers discussed include those for malignant germ cell differentiation (SALL4 and placental alkaline phosphatase), dysgerminoma (OCT4, CD117, and D2-40), yolk sac tumour (α-fetoprotein and glypican-3), embryonal carcinoma (OCT4, CD30, and SOX2), sex cord-stromal differentiation (calretinin, inhibin, SF-1, FOXL2) and steroid cell tumours (melan-A). In addition, the limited role of immunohistochemistry in determining the primary site of origin of an ovarian carcinoid tumour is discussed.
免疫组织化学在卵巢生殖细胞肿瘤和性索-间质肿瘤的诊断中可能有用。有各种各样的标记物可供选择，其中包括许多新型标记物。本综述的目的是提供一种实用的方法来选择和解释这些标记物，强调理解它们在特定鉴别诊断中的敏感性和特异性。讨论的主要标记物包括用于恶性生殖细胞分化的标记物（SALL4 和胎盘碱性磷酸酶）、无性细胞瘤（OCT4、CD117 和 D2-40）、卵黄囊瘤（α-胎蛋白和糖蛋白 3）、胚胎癌（OCT4、CD30 和 SOX2）、性索-间质分化（钙视网膜蛋白、抑制素、SF-1、FOXL2）和类固醇细胞瘤（黑色素-A）。此外，还讨论了免疫组织化学在确定卵巢类癌肿瘤的原发部位中的有限作用。
