Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain.
Histopathology. 2013 Jan;62(1):111-23. doi: 10.1111/his.12053.
This review paper discusses the main molecular alterations of endometrial carcinoma, the most common cancer of the female genital tract. Two clinicopathological variants are recognized: the oestrogen-related (type I, endometrioid carcinoma) and the non-oestrogen-related (type II, non-endometrioid carcinoma). Whereas type I shows microsatellite instability and mutations in PTEN, PIK3CA, K-RAS and CTNNB1 (beta-catenin), type II exhibits TP53 mutations and chromosomal instability. Recent investigations regarding the role of non-coding RNA have provided important information regarding tumour progression. Understanding pathogenesis at the molecular level is essential for identifying biomarkers of potential use in targeted therapies.
这篇综述文章讨论了子宫内膜癌的主要分子改变，子宫内膜癌是女性生殖道最常见的癌症。两种临床病理变异型被识别：雌激素相关型（I 型，子宫内膜样癌）和非雌激素相关型（II 型，非子宫内膜样癌）。I 型表现为微卫星不稳定和 PTEN、PIK3CA、K-RAS 和 CTNNB1（β-连环蛋白）的突变，而 II 型则表现为 TP53 突变和染色体不稳定性。最近关于非编码 RNA 作用的研究为肿瘤进展提供了重要信息。在分子水平上理解发病机制对于鉴定可能用于靶向治疗的生物标志物至关重要。
