火鸡可食与不可食部分在年龄相关变化中的百分比。

Age-related changes in the percentage content of edible and nonedible components in turkeys.

机构信息

Department of Commodity Science and Animal Improvement, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 2013 Jan;92(1):255-64. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02611.

DOI:10.3382/ps.2012-02611

PMID:23243256

Abstract

The total percentage content of edible and nonedible components in the carcasses of different poultry species is an important economic consideration. Age has a significant effect on the growth rate of birds and carcass tissue composition. The objective of this study was to determine age-related changes in the percentage content of edible and nonedible components in turkeys. The experimental materials comprised 2-wk-old Big 6 turkeys, raised to 20 wk of age (males) and 16 wk of age (females). The percentage content of edible components increased, and the percentage content of nonedible components decreased with age. The percentage content of edible components increased by approximately 20% in males (from 2 to 20 wk) and 25% in females (from 2 to 16 wk). At slaughter, 20-wk-old males were characterized by a higher content of edible components, compared with 16-wk-old females, because at 2 wk of age the proportion of nonedible components was 13.2% higher in females than in males. Among edible components, the content of muscle tissue and skin with subcutaneous fat increased, and the content of giblets decreased. The share of muscle tissue in the total BW of males and females increased by 20.5 and 21.9%, respectively. The share of skin with subcutaneous fat increased by 3.5% in males and 5.8% in females. The proportion of giblets decreased by around 4% in both males and females. The decrease in the percentage content of nonedible components was mostly due to a decrease in the share of slaughter offal (by 14.5% in males and 18.9% in females), accompanied by minor changes in the proportion of bones (by 4.1% in males and 2.1% in females).

摘要

不同禽类胴体中可食和不可食部分的总含量百分比是一个重要的经济考虑因素。年龄对鸟类的生长速度和胴体组织组成有重大影响。本研究的目的是确定火鸡与年龄相关的可食和不可食部分含量的变化。实验材料包括 2 周龄的 Big 6 火鸡，饲养至 20 周龄（雄性）和 16 周龄（雌性）。可食部分的含量增加，不可食部分的含量随年龄减少。雄性的可食部分含量增加了约 20%（从 2 周到 20 周），雌性增加了 25%（从 2 周到 16 周）。在屠宰时，20 周龄雄性的可食部分含量高于 16 周龄雌性，因为在 2 周龄时，雌性不可食部分的比例比雄性高 13.2%。在可食部分中，肌肉组织和带皮皮下脂肪的含量增加，内脏的含量减少。雄性和雌性的肌肉组织占总体重的比例分别增加了 20.5%和 21.9%。带皮皮下脂肪的比例在雄性中增加了 3.5%，在雌性中增加了 5.8%。内脏的比例在雄性和雌性中分别减少了约 4%。不可食部分含量的减少主要是由于屠宰废弃物的比例下降（雄性下降 14.5%，雌性下降 18.9%），同时骨骼的比例略有变化（雄性下降 4.1%，雌性下降 2.1%）。