Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Nat Rev Genet. 2013 Jan;14(1):49-61. doi: 10.1038/nrg3374.
For decades, transposable elements have been known to produce a wide variety of changes in plant gene expression and function. This has led to the idea that transposable element activity has played a key part in adaptive plant evolution. This Review describes the kinds of changes that transposable elements can cause, discusses evidence that those changes have contributed to plant evolution and suggests future strategies for determining the extent to which these changes have in fact contributed to plant adaptation and evolution. Recent advances in genomics and phenomics for a range of plant species, particularly crops, have begun to allow the systematic assessment of these questions.
几十年来，转座元件已被证实能引起植物基因表达和功能的多种变化。这就产生了这样一种观点，即转座元件的活性在植物的适应性进化中起了关键作用。本综述描述了转座元件可能引起的各种变化，讨论了这些变化有助于植物进化的证据，并提出了未来的策略来确定这些变化在多大程度上实际上促进了植物的适应和进化。基因组学和表型组学在一系列植物物种（特别是作物）中的最新进展，已经开始允许对这些问题进行系统评估。
