与铁人三项运动的运动方式有关的年龄和性别差异。

Age and sex differences pertaining to modes of locomotion in triathlon.

机构信息

Department of Nutrition, Hospitality, and Retailing, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.

出版信息

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013 May;45(5):976-84. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31827d17eb.

DOI:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31827d17eb

PMID:23247717

Abstract

PURPOSE

The magnitude of change in sex differences across age groups in triathlon performance for the Ironman distance has been established. However, the influence of age on sex differences at shorter-distance triathlons is yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to compare sex differences across age groups for the different modes of locomotion among varying triathlon distances (Sprint, Olympic, and Ironman 70.3) in amateur triathletes from the 2009-2011 triathlon World Championship.

METHODS

Data for the top 10 male and female amateur triathletes for the age groups between 18 and 64 yr were collected from the 2009-2011 World Championships for Sprint, Olympic, and Ironman 70.3 triathlons. Sex differences across age groups were compared using time performances for swimming, cycling, running, transition time, overall race time, and estimated power output.

RESULTS

Total time differences between sexes were largest in 55-59 yr age groups for Sprint (18.7%, P < 0.05) and in 60-64 yr age groups for Olympic and Ironman 70.3 (14.8% and 21.7%, P < 0.05). Mean sex difference in performance time was smallest for cycling in Sprint (11.8% ± 0.41%) and in Ironman 70.3 (11.2% ± 0.41%), whereas running showed the smallest sex difference in Olympic (7.5% ± 0.33%, P < 0.05). Mean sex differences in estimated power output were significantly greater for swimming in Sprint (41.0% ± 1.47%), Olympic (39.8% ± 1.24%), and Ironman 70.3 (37.%5 ± 1.67%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Sex differences for total performance time were greatest in the youngest age groups and older age groups for Sprint, Olympic, and Ironman 70.3 distances. Sex differences varied among the modes of locomotion for the three distances of triathlons; however, for short- to mid-distance triathlons, both performance time and estimated power output seem to indicate that the largest sex differences exist for swimming.

摘要

目的

已经确定了铁三距离的年龄组中性别差异变化的幅度。然而，年龄对短距离铁三性别差异的影响尚未确定。本研究的目的是比较 2009-2011 年铁人三项世界锦标赛中不同距离（短距离、奥林匹克距离和铁三 70.3 距离）的不同运动模式的年龄组之间的性别差异。

方法

从 2009-2011 年的短距离、奥林匹克距离和铁三 70.3 距离的世界锦标赛中收集了年龄在 18 至 64 岁的前 10 名男性和女性业余铁人三项运动员的数据。使用游泳、自行车、跑步、转换时间、总比赛时间和估计的功率输出的时间表现来比较年龄组之间的性别差异。

结果

在 Sprint 中，55-59 岁年龄组的男女总时间差异最大（18.7%，P<0.05），在 Olympic 和 Ironman 70.3 中，60-64 岁年龄组的男女总时间差异最大（14.8%和 21.7%，P<0.05）。Sprint 中自行车的平均性别差异最小（11.8%±0.41%），铁三 70.3 中自行车的平均性别差异最小（11.2%±0.41%），而 Olympic 中跑步的性别差异最小（7.5%±0.33%，P<0.05）。Sprint 中游泳的平均性别差异在估计功率输出方面显著较大（41.0%±1.47%），Olympic 中游泳的平均性别差异在估计功率输出方面显著较大（39.8%±1.24%），铁三 70.3 中游泳的平均性别差异在估计功率输出方面显著较大（37.0%±1.67%，P<0.05）。