Leung Bonnie, Taylor Susan, Drinkovic Dragana, Roberts Sally, Carter Phil, Best Emma
University of Auckland.
N Z Med J. 2012 Nov 9;125(1365):21-9.
To characterise Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) invasive disease in the era of Hib vaccination, in children of the greater Auckland region of New Zealand.
Identification of sterile site culture positive Hib via the Auckland hospital laboratories databases and national laboratory surveillance database in the time period; 1995 to 2009.
There were a total of 26 cases in the Auckland Region. Over the 15-year period, the annual incidence of invasive Hib disease was 0.61 per 100,000 (95% CI: 0.4-0.9) for children aged under 15 years and 1.65 per 100,000 (95% CI: 1.1-2.5) for children aged under 5 years. Ninety-two percent were under 5 years and 54% were under 1 year. Sixty percent of the children were of Maori and Pacific ethnicity. The predominant diagnosis was meningitis, accounting for 15 cases (60%). There were no fatalities. Forty-eight percent of affected children were completely unimmunised with the Hib vaccine which has been fully funded on the National Immunisation Schedule since 1994.
Since the introduction of the Hib vaccine, the disease rates have greatly reduced in the Auckland region. Although ethnic disparities have improved amongst the cases that occur, immunisation rates in cases are low and infants remain most at risk. Current emphasis on intensifying immunisation programmes to achieve higher vaccination rates and timeliness of delivery will help in efforts to achieve elimination of the disease in New Zealand.
对新西兰大奥克兰地区儿童在b型流感嗜血杆菌（Hib）疫苗接种时代的Hib侵袭性疾病进行特征描述。
通过奥克兰医院实验室数据库和国家实验室监测数据库，在1995年至2009年期间识别无菌部位培养阳性的Hib。
奥克兰地区共有26例病例。在这15年期间，15岁以下儿童侵袭性Hib疾病的年发病率为每10万人0.61例（95%置信区间：0.4 - 0.9），5岁以下儿童为每10万人1.65例（95%置信区间：1.1 - 2.5）。92%的病例年龄在5岁以下，54%在1岁以下。60%的儿童为毛利族和太平洋岛民族裔。主要诊断为脑膜炎，占15例（60%）。无死亡病例。48%的患病儿童完全未接种Hib疫苗，自1994年以来该疫苗在国家免疫规划中已全额资助。
自引入Hib疫苗以来，奥克兰地区的发病率大幅下降。尽管在发生的病例中种族差异有所改善，但病例中的免疫接种率较低，婴儿仍然风险最高。当前强调加强免疫规划以实现更高的疫苗接种率和及时接种，将有助于在新西兰努力消除该疾病。
