Caninéo Paulo Antonio, Nishimura Shizuko, Medina Norma Helen, Koizumi Inês Kazue, Cardoso Maria Regina Alves
Programa de Tracoma e Hanseníase Ocular, Secretaria Municipal de Embu das Artes - Embu das Artes (SP), Brasil.
Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2012 Jul-Aug;75(4):264-6. doi: 10.1590/s0004-27492012000400009.
To estimate the trachoma prevalence in school children in Embu das Artes - SP, aiming the implementation of the disease epidemiological surveillance.
The city of Embu das Artes - SP, is 25 km far from the capital of the State. In the years of 2003-2004, a trachoma survey was conducted in a cluster sample of school children with the same methodology of the national trachoma student's survey of the Ministry of Health. Previously to the trachoma active search, activities of health education were performed in all schools. External ocular examinations were done in all students to detect trachoma according to the WHO criteria. All cases of trachoma were notified and their families were submitted to an external ocular examination. The cases were treated with 1% tetracycline ointment or systemic azithromycin.
2,374 students from nine sampled selected public schools were examined. The prevalence of follicular inflammatory trachoma (TF) was 3.1% (IC 95%: 2.4-3.9), varying from 0.5% to 4.2% in the examined schools. The prevalence for males was 3.2% and for females was 3.0%. The greater prevalence (8.6%) was found in 6 year-old children.
The disease showed a mild behavior in this city, because no cases of intense inflammatory trachoma or cicatricial trachoma were detected. However, the prevalence was greater than the one found in the city of São Paulo. Epidemiological surveillance activities of trachoma must be continuous, mainly in places where the greater prevalence had been found.
评估巴西圣保罗州恩布达斯阿尔蒂斯市学童的沙眼患病率，以实施该疾病的流行病学监测。
恩布达斯阿尔蒂斯市距离该州首府25公里。2003年至2004年期间，采用与卫生部全国沙眼学生调查相同的方法，对学童进行整群抽样调查。在积极搜索沙眼之前，在所有学校开展了健康教育活动。根据世界卫生组织标准，对所有学生进行外部眼部检查以检测沙眼。所有沙眼病例均被通报，其家人也接受了外部眼部检查。病例采用1%四环素眼膏或全身用阿奇霉素进行治疗。
对9所抽样公立学校的2374名学生进行了检查。滤泡性炎性沙眼（TF）患病率为3.1%（95%置信区间：2.4 - 3.9），在所检查的学校中，患病率从0.5%到4.2%不等。男性患病率为3.2%，女性患病率为3.0%。6岁儿童的患病率最高（8.6%）。
该疾病在该市表现为轻度流行，因为未检测到严重炎性沙眼或瘢痕性沙眼病例。然而，其患病率高于圣保罗市。沙眼的流行病学监测活动必须持续进行，主要在患病率较高的地区。
